OBRABOTKAMETALLOV MATERIAL SCIENCE Vol. 24 No. 4 2022 а b c Fig. 2. Phase composition of metal chips from steel 45: a – initial state; b – after annealing in a furnace at 400 °C in air; c – after holding in water for 48 hours and drying at room temperature Ta b l e 1 The composition of the studied powders with recycled steel 45 chips No. Composition Components, wt.% Steel 45 chip powder Al Ti 1 Al + chips (steel 45) 75 25 - 2 Ti + chips (steel 45) 25 – 75 3 Ti + Al + chips (steel 45) 23 8 69 of 1,000 °С with an exposure time of 60 minutes and a heating rate in the range of 5–10 °/min. The standard expression was used to determine the porosity: 100 1 real theor ρ Θ = − ρ , (1) where θ – porosity, %; ρreal – the actual sample density; ρtheor – the theoretical density of the powder mixture calculated by the additive method, where the initial components data was used in the calculation before sintering, and after sintering – qualitative and quantitative data of the XRD.
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