OBRABOTKAMETALLOV MATERIAL SCIENCE Том 23 № 3 2021 EQUIPMEN . INSTRUM TS Vol. 5 No. 2 2023 mechanical engineering is an integral part of automatic design systems for technological equipment [19, 20]. Despite some scientific results in this direction, there is no single generalized theory for solving this issue. Quality is a multifaceted and capacious definition; it reflects a number of properties of the object under consideration, characterizing the ability of products, in accordance with its purpose, to satisfy certain consumer requirements. From an engineering point of view, quality is assessed by the method of comparative analysis of the product properties with the properties of a standard or similar product, taken as the basis for comparison. The forecast of the quality of the planned product should begin with determining the minimum set of properties necessary for its evaluation. Properties should be selected from a system of fundamental categories and concepts, and should be meaningful. These include space and time – categories that reflect the forms of matter existence – the extent and relative position of material objects, the duration and sequence of events. As a general measure of the motion and interaction of all types of matter, another category is used – energy [19, 20]. However, these properties and parameters or characteristics that describe it, inherent in natural objects, are usually not enough to describe human-created technical systems. In this case, it is necessary to use the standard nomenclature of the main groups of indicators, which makes it possible to comprehensively assess the quality of the products in question. In the machine-tool industry, a certain set of private and complex indicators is traditionally used, which in most cases are used when choosing equipment to perform certain functions, as well as when identifying its technical level and competitiveness [7, 17, 19, 20]. Efficiency, productivity, manufacturability, flexibility, precision, reliability, ergonomics and aesthetics of machine tools are usually the main indicators of equipment quality. Obviously, when substantiating the main parameters and technical characteristics of equipment, one usually operate with a quantitative assessment of it: the dimensions of the operating area (space), speed capability (time) and drive power (energy). Additional parameters that determine the differences between some objects from others, in most cases can be presented in the form of qualitative assessments, for example, different accuracy classes, types of control (manual or software), architecture, and other characteristics of hybrid metal-cutting machines [7, 17, 19, 20, 38, 42]. The difference between the design capabilities of the equipment and the capabilities required to perform its functions in accordance with the purpose is a loss (excessive or insufficient margin of capability). Factors affecting the occurrence of losses include incomplete use of the operating area, electric motor power, spindle speed range, etc. As an example, we can consider the results of a study of the operating conditions of CNC milling machines, which show that when performing 90% of operations, the power consumed by the main motion drive is no more than 50% of the nominal value, the load capacity of the table is used by no more than 20%, the applied working feeds actually do not exceed 1/6 of the maximum allowable, etc. For machine tools of other groups, a similar situation is observed [19, 20, 71, 72]. Studies of foreign scientists in its results are practically identical to domestic ones. The data obtained for universal metal-cutting machines with manual control and CNC machines in terms of using its technological capabilities also do not have significant differences. The purpose of this research is to make rational choice of objects of modernization when carrying out work related to retrofitting a standard machine tool system with an additional concentrated energy source, which can be an HFC-generator. To achieve this purpose, the following tasks should be solved: 1. To propose a method of structural analysis that allows effectively carrying out pre-project studies in the development of hybrid metal-cutting equipment. 2. Develop a method for forming the structure of parameter-oriented range of machine tools, taking into account the equality of average productivity losses. Theory and methodology of experimental research The executive movements of the hybrid metal-cutting system (HMS) and the required number of its adjustable parameters were determined by applying the structural-kinematic synthesis of the mechanisms of metal-cutting machine tools [73–76]. The main provisions of the structural synthesis and components of
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