OBRABOTKAMETALLOV MATERIAL SCIENCE Том 23 № 3 2021 EQUIPMEN . INSTRUM TS Vol. 5 No. 3 2023 related to the processing of various materials in a cold or hot state: pressing, crushing, shaping, coating, expanding. In any case, due to the technological properties of metals and its wide range, a wide range of technological operations can be applied to it [4]. Stroke length of the power press depends on the eccentricity of crankshaft. Fig. 1 shows the complete nomenclature of the power press [1]. Fig. 1. Press machine arrangement It is used for fast, accurate and economical production of a large number of products by cold working mild steel and other ductile materials. Presses are classified according to the numbers of actions (single, double, triple action etc.), die operation direction (vertical, horizontal, oblique, etc), the kind of power used to operate the dies (mechanical or hydraulic), and mechanism used to drive the dies (crank, knuckle, friction, screw, link, etc [2]. The crankshaft may be called the heart of the press. It is around this member that all stresses and strains are concentrated. The strength of the frame, connecting rod, tie rods and other vital parts are based on the capacity of the crankshaft. The design of the crankshaft, including the location of the bearings, is largely dependent on the maximum pressure that can be generated at the bottom of the stroke, as shown in fig. 2. Standard crankshafts are made of carbon, chromium-manganese, chromium-nickel-molybdenum and other steels, as well as special highstrength cast irons. After stamping, before machining, the shaft blanks are subjected to heat treatment. For a heavily loaded shaft, the following maintenance modes are usually used: normalization, hardening + high tempering (improvement). Fig. 2. Crankshaft layout
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTk0ODM1