OBRABOTKAMETALLOV MATERIAL SCIENCE Том 23 № 3 2021 EQUIPMEN . INSTRUM TS Vol. 5 No. 3 2023 Fig. 3. Press brake plug Ta b l e 1 Chemical compositions of initial material Steel Mass content of elements, [%] C Si Mn S P Cr Ni Cu U10A 1.01 0.25 0.21 0.017 0.022 0.18 0.17 0.15 a 5 % alcohol solution of nitric acid and a saturated solution of picric acid in ethanol with the addition of surfactants [99]. The microhardness of the hardened surface layer of the parts was evaluated using a Wolpert Group 402MVD instrument. Residual stresses were measured using the X-ray method on an ARL X’TRA highresolution diffractometer and the mechanical destructive method – layer-by-layer electrolytic etching of the sample [100, 101]. To detect defects in the surface layer, a visual-optical method was used using a Carl Zeiss Axio Observer A1m microscope, a capillary method, and an eddy current method using a VD-70 eddy current flaw detector. Statistical processing of the experimental studies results was carried out in the software products Statistica, Table Curve 2D and Table Curve 3D. Results and discussion In the process of developing integral metalworking equipment, it is planned to introduce the method of high-energy heating by high-frequency currents on a hybrid machine at one of the technological stages. Taking into account the design features of inductors for this process, the treated surface heating is carried out by localized areas, the dimensions of which are determined by the width of the active wire of the inductor and the length of the ferrite magnetic circuit (fig. 2). To ensure surface hardening, coordinated movements of the workpiece and tool are required, similar to those used in milling [7, 14, 17, 47, 82, 87]. Structural-kinematic analysis showed that at all stages of integral processing (pre-milling, hardening with high-frequency currents and finish milling), a similar set of executive movements and adjustable parameters is required. Subsequent synthesis of the generalized kinematic structure of the developed hybrid metalworking system based on the five-coordinate machining center MS 032.06 with a CNC control system, designed for high-performance processing of randomly located surfaces of parts installed on the worktable (fig. 4). With this method, the layout formula can be represented as follows: { } [ 0 ] [ ] h CAY XZ D d + ,
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