OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 25 No. 4 2023 technology Results and discussion The resulting analytic expressions (43) and (44) are presented in engineering form, which makes it possible to practically use to calculate cutting force acting in the process of flat grinding, taking into account the cutting mode, specifications, diameter and width of the wheel, physical and mechanical properties of the workpiece, and many other parameters. The first terms of equations (43) and (44) take into account the cutting force needed for the plastic deformation of metal in the shear zone (to remove the metal). The addends take into account the cutting force needed to overcome the friction force arising from the blunting areas on the grains. The presented force model can serve as the future foundation for an analytical model for calculating cutting depth to predict changes in the technical size and its inaccuracies. The components of the cutting force can be found in two ways. The first is based on the equality of the metal volumes removed in one pass of the workpiece by a set of single cutting grains and by the grinding wheel as a whole (as described above). The second method takes into account the equality of metal cutoff intensities from the grinding wheel and the individual cutting grains making contact with the workpiece. а b c d e f Fig. 4. The relationship between the radial component of the cutting force and the sequential number of the table pass with the workpiece at РХ-ХХ (Vtable = 10m/min and Srad = 0.024 (a), 0.018 (b), 0.011 (c) m/pass) and (Vtable = 10m/min and Srad = 0.024 (d), 0.018 (e), 0.011 (e) m/pass): vertical axis on the graphs is the radial component of the cutting force, N; horizontal axis on the graphs is the sequence number of the table stroke; solid line – calculated values of cutting force; dashed line – experimental values of cutting force
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