OBRABOTKAMETALLOV MATERIAL SCIENCE Vol. 26 No. 1 2024 when processing AISI 1040 steel. Patel and Gandhi [20] machined AISI D2 steel with an CBN tool and developed a mathematical model based on the simultaneous action of f, Vc and the nose radius, and is in good agreement with the experimental values. But none of them used more than one material for experiments, with the exception of Rodriguez et al., [21] who used SS 304, 316L and 420 materials for turning and developed a model of cutting temperature taking into account thermal conductivity and maximum strength. According to the literature reviewed, the cutting parameters, in particular the cutting speed and feed, have a signifi cant eff ect on the temperature of the chip-tool contact surface. Various predictive models have been developed, but each model predicted results in a specifi c parameter range. In addition, several studies have been reported on the eff ect of TiAlN cutting modes and coating parameters on cutting temperature and surface roughness when turning EN 8, Al 380, SS 316 and SAE 8620 materials. In this work, the simplest and most economical method for measuring temperature is developed, involving the use of a tool-work thermocouple. Further, response surface models were developed for the cutting temperature and roughness of these materials, the infl uence of technological parameters and thermal and physical properties of the materials of the processed parts on the response parameters are studied, and a semi-empirical model is developed to predict the cutting temperature and surface roughness. Materials and methods The experimental results were obtained on a CNC lathe machine. Vc, f and doc were the three adjustable factors in turning operation. In the present work, workpieces made of four materials were used, namely mild steel (EN 8) with a diameter of 75 mm, aluminum alloy (Al 380) with a diameter of 50 mm, stainless steel (SS 316) with a diameter of 75 mm and low alloy steel (SAE 8620) with a diameter of 75 mm. The length of each workpiece was 300 mm and each of it was machined. To determine the chemical composition of the above materials, spectroscopic analysis was carried out, the results of which are presented in Table 1. Since the literature indicates that TiAlN-coated carbide tools have minimal Ra and tool wear, Sandvik PVD (TiAlN) coated carbide inserts CNMG-120408 MS PR1310 (0.8 mm nose radius) with eight cutting edges were used in this work for 20 tests under dry conditions. The contact point between the tool and the workpiece was hot during machining, while the carbon brush touching the workpiece remained cold. The workpiece was mounted in a three-jaw chuck, and insulation was provided between the workpiece and the chuck. The experimental setup, temperature calibration setup, and workpiece material are shown in fi gure 1, a, b and c respectively. The cutting parameters used for machining are given in Table 2. Ta b l e 1 Chemical composition of work material Element, % SS 316 EN 8 SAE 8620 Al 380 C 0.07 0.39 0.22 – Mn 0.16 0.87 0.8 0.5 Si 0.9 0.22 0.28 8.5 P 0.05 0.04 0.031 – S 0.02 0.05 0.04 – Cr 18.50 – 0.49 – Mo 2.25 – 0.22 – Ni 12.23 – 0.52 0.5 Mg – – – 0.1 Cu – – – 3.6 Sn – – – 0.35 Zn – – – 3 Fe balance balance balance 1.3 Al – – – balance
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