OBRABOTKAMETALLOV MATERIAL SCIENCE Vol. 26 No. 1 2024 a b c d Fig. 6. Cutting temperature 3D-plots for SS 316 (a), EN 8 (b), SAE 8620 (c) and Al 380 (d) processing of SS 316 increases as the process parameters increase. High-speed, high-temperature processing results were obtained with increasing Vc. Most of the heat is carried away by the chips, and little heat is lost into the workpiece. It can be seen that f aff ects the temperature slightly, but gradually the temperature continues to increase as f increases. The same result was obtained by Dessoly et al. [26] using a FEM model and an IR camera. Figure 7 a, b shows that with increasing f the temperature increases, since a larger surface area of the workpiece and the tool is in contact. Aluminum has the lowest yield strength, so heat generation in aluminum is less compared to other materials. Figure 7, c–e shows how the temperature increases with increasing f, doc, and Vc increases. Increasing f increases the temperature due to greater chip-tool contact and associated friction [27]. In aluminum, the temperature rises to a lesser extent because due to higher thermal conductivity, heat transfer occurs faster, so the material remains in the same state throughout, the material does not become more ductile, and the friction between the workpiece and the cutting tool is reduced [12]. As the process parameters increase, the temperature increases. Kitagawa et al. [28] used ceramic tools to turn Inconel 718 and found that the cutting temperature continued to increase with increasing process parameters as the workpiece material was deformed into chips by the cutting tools. Deformation of the workpiece, cohesion or friction of the chips on the rake surface of the tool leads to strong heating [3]. As Vc increases, the temperature continues to rise. As a result, the surface quality decreases and tool wear increases [1]. In fi gure 8 cutting temperature is directly proportional to cutting speed. However, it also depends on other factors such as f, doc, cutting width, machine operating conditions [27]. Figure 8, a–e shows the eff ect of doc on cutting temperature. The temperature continues to increase with increasing doc because at maximum feed and doc, large frictional heat is generated due to the friction between the work material and the cutting tool, which leads to thermal softening of the material [29]. According to semi-empirical and regression results, doc is a more signifi cant temperature parameter than f and Vc [1].
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