OBRABOTKAMETALLOV MATERIAL SCIENCE Vol. 26 No. 1 2024 Fig. 9. Eff ect of depth of cut on cutting temperature at diff erent feed rate and cutting speed for all material using TiAlN-coated tool a b c d e All fi gures show the results of regression values taken from the empirical model and experimental RSM values for temperature and surface roughness, which were found to be comparable. All values of the RSM output parameters and the empirical model values are in good agreement with each other. Therefore, Equations (10) and (18) can be used to determine the theoretical value of Ra and temperature at diff erent cutting parameters for diff erent work materials with TiAlN-coated carbide tool inserts. Conclusions A semi-empirical method, taking into account the dimensions of material properties, is proposed for estimating cutting temperature and surface roughness when turning SS 316, SAE 8620, EN 8 and Al 380 workpieces with PVD-coated carbide (TiAlN) inserts. In addition, a multilinear regression analysis was carried out and based on the analysis of the results of the regression and semi-empirical model, the following conclusions were drawn: ● At higher feed rates, low surface roughness is observed for all materials. However, as feed and depth of cut increase, surface roughness tends to increase more in SS 316, then Al 380. EN 8 shows better results due to low heat generation in the cutting zone, which maintains tool shape stability. ● The rapid work hardening of the chips in the case of SS 316, the toughness of the chip and built-up material, the stability of the tool shape in the case of EN 8 and SAE 8620 are the main reasons for the surface roughness quality. ● Higher cutting temperature is obtained when turning SS 316 and lower cutting temperature is obtained when turning Al 380. This is due to the signifi cant diff erence in thermal conductivity of these materials. ● When machining EN 8 and SAE 8620, the cutting temperature range is found to be moderate. ● Surface roughness is found to be worst for Al 380 and best for SS 316 and SAE 8620. ● In addition, using a dimensional analysis model, a generalized empirical formula is developed to predict the surface roughness and temperature encountered during metal cutting. These models are found to fi t well with regression equations derived from experimental values. ● The proposed method for measuring surface roughness and temperature can be conveniently used. This is a useful way to cost-eff ectively evaluate heat generation and surface roughness when turning various materials with TiAlN-coated carbide tools.
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