Information properties of frequency characteristics of dynamic cutting systems in the diagnosis of tool wear

OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 23 No. 3 2021 MATERIAL SCIENCE EQUIPMENT. INSTRUMENTS 6 4 Information properties of frequency characteristics of dynamic cutting systems in the diagnosis of tool wear Vilor Zakovorotny a, Valery Gvindjiliya b, *, Kirill Kislov с Don State Technical University, 1 Gagarin square, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russian Federation a https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2187-9897, vzakovorotny@dstu.edu.ru; b https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-4604, vvgvindjiliya@donstu.ru; c https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5770-2519, kislovk@bk.ru Obrabotka metallov - Metal Working and Material Science Journal homepage: http://journals.nstu.ru/obrabotka_metallov Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science. 2024 vol. 26 no. 3 pp. 114–134 ISSN: 1994-6309 (print) / 2541-819X (online) DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.3-114-134 ART I CLE I NFO Article history: Received: 22 May 2024 Revised: 14 June 2024 Accepted: 22 June 2024 Available online: 15 September 2024 Keywords: Diagnostics of the condition of the cutting tool Vibrations Information models of dynamic monitoring Funding The study was supported by a grant within the framework of the “Nauka-2030”. ABSTRACT Introduction. One of the directions for increasing the efficiency of cutting is related to the creation of tool wear diagnostic systems. Algorithms and devices have been developed that evaluate wear based on analysis of the vibroacoustic emission signal. These algorithms, as a rule, do not reveal the nature of its formation and the reasons for the change as wear develops. Subject. The paper is devoted to the analysis of the reasons for changes in vibration properties with the development of tool wear. The aim of the work is to study the changes in the frequency characteristics of a dynamic cutting system caused by the development of wear, and to build diagnostic information models on this basis, as well as its use in industry. Method and methodology. The results of mathematical simulation of a perturbed dynamic cutting system are presented, in which the observed vibration sequences are a consequence of disturbances transformed by a dynamic system, the parameters of which depend on wear. Two frequency ranges are considered. Results and discussions. The first range includes frequencies that lie within the bandwidth of the instrument subsystem. The second is outside of it. In the first frequency range, it has been analytically and experimentally proven that the development of wear leads to fundamental changes in the frequency properties of the cutting system as a converter of disturbances into tool vibrations. There is a shift in the natural frequencies of the oscillatory circuits formed by the cutting system, a decrease in its quality factor, and as wear develops, some identified features of the vibration spectra appear, including the ratio of the low-frequency and high-frequency parts of the spectrum, etc. In the second frequency range, a model of force emission in the form of a random pulse sequence is considered and wear is displayed in it. The results of studying the coherence function between the forces acting on the tool and vibrational displacement are presented. Information models of wear are proposed, an example of an information model of wear and the results of its use in industry are given. For citation: Zakovorotny V.L., Gvindjiliya V.E., Kislov K.V. Information properties of frequency characteristics of dynamic cutting systems in the diagnosis of tool wear. Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science, 2024, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 114–134. DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.3-114-134. (In Russian). ______ * Corresponding author Gvindjiliya Valery E., Ph.D. (Engineering), Senior Lecturer Don State Technical University, 1 Gagarin square, 344000, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation Tel.: +7 918 583-23-33, e-mail: vvgvindjiliya@donstu.ru Introduction In the last forty years, in connection with the creation of automated machining systems, research has been conducted aimed at the creation of machining diagnostics systems. The problems of selecting the modes with the highest economic efficiency [1–3], minimum tool wear intensity [4, 5] are considered. Algorithms that allow evaluating the current characteristics of the state of the machine and tooling [6–9], the quality of the surface formed by cutting [10, 11] are considered. Time sequences of vibroacoustic emission (VAE) [7, 12–15], forces [16, 17], cutting temperature [7, 18, 19], etc. are used in the diagnostic systems. Machine vision elements, servomotor armature current [16] are also used. A special place in the creation of these systems is occupied by VAE. The VAE signal is analyzed in the frequency range (10 Hz–600 kHz), the individual subranges of which display different properties of physical and mechanical interactions in the

RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTk0ODM1