OBRABOTKAMETALLOV MATERIAL SCIENCE Vol. 26 No. 3 2024 fiber surfaces were revealed using SEM analysis [15]. Few authors have focused on the medicinal properties of Sida cordifolia used in Ayurvedic medicine for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and other beneficial properties [16]. Authors have described in detail the characteristics of Cissus quadrangularis stem fiber, noting its mechanical properties superior to other fibers [17]. Some papers have highlighted the potential of maize residues (tassel fibers) as a source of cellulose for various applications including its extraction and characterization [18]. Astudy compares alkali pretreatment with other natural fiber production technologies, noting its environmental benefits and mild conditions despite the longer duration [19]. The author studies the fiber of Sida Rhombifolia, emphasizing its high cellulose content and its suitability for composite applications [20].Anew lignocellulosic fiber obtained from Juncus Effusus L. is also discussed, focusing on its unique cross-sectional shape [21]. Dichrostachys Cinerea fibers, Heteropogon contortus plant fibers, and Epipremnum Aureum stem fibers have been reported by many authors, each emphasizing the potential of these fibers for the development of lightweight, low-density composite materials due to its favorable mechanical and thermal properties [22]. Previous studies have also focused on the properties of Perotis Indica plant fibers, establishing its suitability as a substitute for traditional materials in various industries due to its beneficial mechanical and thermal properties [23]. He even characterized the thermal decomposition of Sida cordifolia L., assessing its potential as an energy source using thermogravimetric analysis [24]. Each of these studies contributes to the ongoing development of natural fibre reinforced composites, providing insight into its potential applications and improvements through various chemical and physical treatments. Materials and Method Extraction process of sida cordifolia stem fiber Sida cordifolia plants, commonly found in tropical southern regions of Asia, were specially obtained for this study from Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh. These plants generally grow to a height of 1.5 to 2 feet and were about 2 years old at the time of sampling. The fiber preparation process began with cutting the stems to the required length, followed by a 30-day drying period in direct sunlight to reduce the moisture content. After drying, the stems were subjected to a 14-day microbial decay process in fresh water. After this, the fibers were extracted from the stems using a retting method. Finally, these fibers were dried in sunlight to remove residual moisture. The extraction process of Sida cordifolia fibers is illustrated in Figure 2. Fig. 2. Schematic flow for the Extraction Process of Sida Cordifolia Fibers
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