OBRABOTKAMETALLOV TECHNOLOGY Vol. 26 No. 4 2024 a b Fig. 6. Tool wear when using 2 % hybrid nanofl uid (a); tool wear when using 0.8 % hybrid nanofl uid (b) tests, HCF with 0.4 and 1.6 wt. % of CuO/Al2O3 showed little sedimentation. The properties of CuO/Al2O3 cutting fl uid such as specifi c heat, viscosity and thermal conductivity are improved by increasing the particle concentration and temperature. The developed cutting fl uid reduces the friction coeffi cient compared with dry turning and turning using 1.6 wt. % base oil as cutting fl uid. The highest tool wear is observed in dry turning, followed by turning using corn oil. The developed hybrid nano cutting fl uid reduces cutting force, temperature, and improves surface quality at a concentration of 1.6 wt.% CuO/Al2O3. When using a hybrid nanofl uid with a concentration of 2.4 wt. % CuO/Al2O3, low tool wear is observed. References 1. Singh G., Aggarwal V., Singh S., Singh B., Sharma S., Singh J., Li C., Królczyk G., Kumar A., Eldin S.M. Performance investigations for sustainability assessment of Hastelloy C-276 under diff erent machining environments. Heliyon, 2023, vol. 9 (3). DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13933. 2. Bedi S.S., Behera G.C., Datta S. Eff ects of cutting speed on MQLmachining performance of AISI 304 stainless steel using uncoated carbide insert: application potential of coconut oil and rice bran oil as cutting fl uids. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2020, vol. 45, pp. 8877–8893. DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04554-y. 3. Eswara J.E., Raju B.N., Prasad C., Sankar B.S.S.P. Machining performance on SS304 using nontoxic, biodegradable vegetable-based cutting fl uids. Chemical Data Collections, 2022, vol. 42. DOI: 10.1016/j. cdc.2022.100961. 4. Ambhore N., Kamble D.,Agrawal D. Experimental investigation of induced tool vibration in turning of hardened AISI52100 steel. Journal of Vibration Engineering & Technologies, 2022, vol. 10, pp. 1679–1689. DOI: 10.1007/ s42417-022-00473-4. 5. Ali M.A.M., Azmi A.I., Murad M.N., Zain M.Z.M., Khalil A.N.M., Shuaib N.A. Roles of new bio-based nanolubricants towards eco-friendly and improved machinability of Inconel 718 alloys. Tribology International, 2020, vol. 144. DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2019.106106. 6. Singh G., Aggarwal V., Singh S. Critical review on ecological, economical and technological aspects of minimum quantity lubrication towards sustainable machining. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, vol. 271. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122185. 7. Kumar M.S., Krishna V.M. An investigation on turning AISI 1018 steel with hybrid biodegradeable nanofl uid/ MQL incorporated with combinations of CuO-Al2O3 nanoparticles. Materails Today: Proceedings, 2020, vol. 24, pp. 1577–1584. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.04.478. 8. Zhang S., Li J.F., Wang Y.W. Tool life and cutting forces in end milling Inconel 718 under dry and minimum quantity cooling lubrication cutting conditions. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2012, vol. 32, pp. 81–87. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.03.014. 9. Rajaguru J., Arunachalam N. A comprehensive investigation on the eff ect of fl ood and MQL coolant on the machinability and stress corrosion cracking of super duplex stainless steel. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2020, vol. 276. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2019.116417.
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