OBRABOTKAMETALLOV MATERIAL SCIENCE Том 23 № 3 2021 EQUIPMEN . INSTRUM TS Vol. 6 No. 4 2024 The fi lling of the classifi cation formula (1) is provided by a systemof codifi ers. The codifi er of installation methods can be taken from [35, 36], since the mounting on CNC machines is the same as on traditional cam-controlled lathes, for which the above classifi cation was developed (Table 1). Ta b l e 1 Codifi er of workpiece mounting methods No Mounting method Code ky 1 In a chuck; in cantilever fashion 0 2 In a collet; in cantilever fashion 1 3 Between centers 2 4 In a chuck with a back center 3 5 Between centers with a steady rest 4 Ta b l e 2 Carriage type codifi er No Carriage type Code kc 1 Longitudinal 0 2 Cross feed 1 3 Top 2 4 Bottom 3 5 Rear 4 6 Pivoted 5 7 Compound 6 8 Turret 7 The carriage type codifi er should be expanded to take into account the capabilities of modern CNC machines (Table 2). The cutting tool codifi er is formed from the list of tools used on the entire group automatic lathes, both traditional (with cam control) and modern (with CNC and tool magazines) [38]. The feed type codifi er for modern automatic lathes has a much more complex structure and does not fi t into the framework of a simple coding table. Firstly, by its nature, feeds can be constant throughout the transition (parametric control) and variable (functional control). Feed variables are usually specifi ed as a function of the tool path. Secondly, the feed direction has a decisive infl uence on the cutting force distribution pattern. Basically, feeds are divided into longitudinal (along the axis of the workpiece) and transverse (along the normal to the axis of the workpiece). This was taken into account in the previous systematics [35, 36], by introducing feeds S1 (longitudinal) and S2 (transverse). However, on modern machines, the range of feeds is much wider. There are pivoted carriages, where the feed is carried out along the direction, oriented in diff erent ways relative to the workpiece. For example, a pivoted carriage on vertical multi-spindle semiautomatic machines. When machining tapered surfaces, the carriage turns along the guide and feeds in this direction. Such a case can be described as a feed in the direction of a given vector es. However, machining of the conical surface can be carried out in another way, by adding two coordinate feeds (longitudinal and transverse). This scheme works on most CNC machines. As a result, to describe the nature of the feed, it is proposed to use the feed code ks. And in a special way to designate only the functional feed: ks = v. If the feed is parametric, the feed type code in formula (1) is omitted.
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