OBRABOTKAMETALLOV MATERIAL SCIENCE Vol. 26 No. 4 2024 Study of surface hydrophilicity of metallic materials modifi ed by ultraviolet laser radiation Tatyana Sablina a, *, Marina Panchenko b, Ilya Zyatikov c, Aleksey Puchikin d, Ivan Konovalov e, Yurii Panchenko f Institute of High Current Electronics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2/3 Akademichesky Avenue, Tomsk, 634055, Russian Federation а https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5941-5732, sabltat@mail.ru; b https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0236-2227, panchenko.marina4@gmail.com; c https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3219-9299, zyatikov@lgl.hcei.tsc.ru; d https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6931-9800, puchikin@lgl.hcei.tsc.ru; e https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1166-1416, ivan@lgl.hcei.tsc.ru; f https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8017-7268, yu.n.panchenko@mail.ru Obrabotka metallov - Metal Working and Material Science Journal homepage: http://journals.nstu.ru/obrabotka_metallov Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science. 2024 vol. 26 no. 4 pp. 218–233 ISSN: 1994-6309 (print) / 2541-819X (online) DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.4-218-233 ART I CLE I NFO Article history: Received: 24 September 2024 Revised: 05 October 2024 Accepted: 14 October 2024 Available online: 15 December 2024 Keywords: Ultraviolet laser radiation Surface Laser treatment Hydrophilicity TiNi alloy Stainless steel Contact angle Funding This work was carried out with the fi nancial support of Russian Federation represented by Ministry of Science and Higher Education (project No. 075-152021-1348). ABSTRACT Introduction. Surface modifi cation using laser radiation is a promising direction in the fi eld of creating new technologies for treatment metal materials, including those for medical purposes. The ability of lasers to change the surface characteristics of a material and, consequently, its interaction with the environment has attracted great interest among researchers. Despite numerous recommendations for the use of laser surface treatment, there is still lack of systematic and detailed studies on the infl uence of parameters on the structural-phase state and properties of the modifi ed surface, especially concerning ultraviolet laser exposure. The purpose of this work is to study the hydrophilicity of the surface of TiNi alloy and stainless steel after UV laser treatment. Materials and methods of the study: experimental samples made of TiNi (TN-10) alloy and 12KH18N9T (AISI 321) stainless steel were locally (beam diameter 0.5 cm) exposed to a solid-state Nd:YAG laser at the wavelength of 266 nm, with a pulse duration of ~ 5 ns, and pulse repetition rate of 10 Hz. The material was exposed to a constant output radiation energy density of 0.1 J/cm2, with a change in the exposure duration from 10 to 600 s. Before and after UV laser treatment, the wettability of the material surface and free surface energy were determined. The structure, elemental and phase composition, and surface topography of TiNi and steel were studied using scanning electron microscopy with the determination of the elemental composition by energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray phase analysis, and profi lometry. Results and discussion. Ultraviolet laser treatment of the surface of TiNi alloy and steel samples leads to an increase in their hydrophilicity. In the initial state, the contact angle of wetting is ≈75° for both materials, and after ultraviolet laser treatment it decreases to ≈11-13° for TiNi and to ≈22° for steel. The phase composition of steel does not change during laser treatment, and phases belonging to oxides are recorded on the surface of TiNi after 420 seconds of treatment. Ultraviolet laser treatment of TiNi alloy and steel leads to an increase in free surface energy, a change in the ratio of its components (a decrease in the dispersed component and a signifi cant increase in the polar component), an increase in the oxygen content on the surface of both materials. With long laser exposure times (more than 300 seconds), microcracking occurs on the surface of the processed material, leading to an increase in roughness. The change in the surface topography (roughness) of TiNi alloy does not have a noticeable eff ect on the wettability of the surface of metal materials, and for steel samples, there is an insignifi cant tendency to reduce the contact wetting angle with increasing roughness. The degree of hydrophilicity of metal materials, characterized by the contact wetting angle, increases with an increase in the duration of laser exposure due to saturation of the surface with free oxygen and an increase in free surface energy (its polar component). Based on the studies, it can be concluded that ultraviolet laser treatment is an eff ective way to change the wettability of metal materials. For citation: Sablina T.Y., Panchenko M.Yu., Zyatikov I.A., Puchikin A.V., Konovalov I.N., Panchenko Yu.N. Study of surface hydrophilicity of metallic materials modifi ed by ultraviolet laser radiation. Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science, 2024, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 218–233. DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2024-26.4-218-233. (In Russian). ______ * Corresponding author Sablina Tatyana. Yu., Ph.D. (Engineering), Engineer Institute of High Current Electronics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2/3 Akademichesky Avenue, 634055, Tomsk, Russian Federation Tel.: +7 913 843-21-78, e-mail: sabltat@mail.ru Introduction The main methods of changing the surface properties of metallic materials, used both in technology and medicine, are various types of surface treatment [1–5]. Surface modifi cation using concentrated energy fl ows is one of the promising areas in the fi eld of creating new technologies for treating metallic materials,
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