OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 27 No. 1 2025 technology Fig. 9. Hardened layer depth L at different working tool inclination angles α Fig. 10. Wear dynamics of samples obtained at different working tool inclination angles α Both the increase in hardness and the decrease in roughness have a certain effect on the friction and wear processes. The results of the conducted studies show that the friction torque Mfr for all tested specimens increases over 450–550 cycles. The highest friction torques are observed during the wear of the surface layer, which corresponds to the running-in period for specific friction conditions. When an equilibrium roughness is formed on the specimens, the friction torque Mfr begins to decrease. The highest friction torque Mfr was observed in the specimen without SPD processing. In the specimens processed with SPD at various inclination angles α of the working tool, a significantly lower Mfr was recorded, indicating a reduction in wear. After reaching the wear depth in the specimens corresponding to the depth of the deformed layer, the process stabilizes, and for a duration of 850–1,000 cycles, the dynamics of the change in friction torque Mfr become similar for all specimens.
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