OBRABOTKAMETALLOV MATERIAL SCIENCE Vol. 27 No. 1 2025 Fig. 4. Effect of bentonite clay on Wear value Ta b l e 5 Investigation data Wear v/s Load Sample Average Wear Value [µm] 20 N 40 N 60 N PGB0 5.58 166.14 422.1 PGB1 3.6 58.32 112.32 PGB2 96.3 128.52 131.58 PGB3 274.86 362.16 402.66 PGB4 289.98 521.46 604.26 Fig. 5, a shows that the composite pin with bentonite clay has fewer signs of adhesive wear and scuffing compared to the composite without bentonite clay. Figs. 5, b and c demonstrate the presence of fatigue cracks and agglomerated abrasive particles in the PPS / 40% GF / 5 % bentonite clay composite, indicating a reduction in wear with increasing clay content. On the steel disk, a thick incoherent transfer film is observed, which corresponds to the lower wear resistance of the PPS + GF composite without the addition of clay. Fig. 5, d shows that in the composite with 5 % bentonite clay, agglomeration of clay particles occurs, which increases wear as a result of adhesive and abrasive processes. Thus, a small amount of bentonite clay prevents seizure and sticking to the matrix, promoting the formation of a high-quality transfer film on the steel surface and increasing wear resistance compared to the PGB0 composite (without clay). However, at high clay concentrations, particle agglomeration occurs, leading to increased wear. Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) Data Energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used for elemental analysis of the composites. Fig. 6 presents the results of EDS analysis of PGB0, PGB1, PGB2, and PGB3 samples, demonstrating their qualitative composition. The EDS system, integrated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), allowed for chemical analysis of the samples. The following elements were identified in the EDS spectra: silicon,
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