OBRABOTKAMETALLOV technology Vol. 27 No. 2 2025 Wear Testing Methodology (Pin-on-Disk Scheme) Pin-on-disk tribological tests are widely used to evaluate the wear resistance of materials used in braking systems [6, 10, 18]. The essence of the method is to measure the wear of a specimen (pin) when sliding on the surface of a rotating disk under laboratory conditions. Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the pin-on-disk setup provided by Ducom Instruments Pvt. Ltd. The main elements of the setup are: a cylindrical pin pressed perpendicularly against a flat rotating disk, a lever mechanism for applying load to the pin, a linear variable differential transducer (LVDT) for measuring wear, and a force sensor for measuring friction force. The linear variable differential transducer and the force sensor are mounted on the lever [18]. Fig. 4. Pin on Disc Test Setup in Laboratory During the tests, the normal load (L) on the pin was changed stepwise: 10, 50, and 100 N (standard test conditions). The dimensions of the pin specimens were: length – 32 mm, diameter – 10 mm. To ensure comparability of results, the same values of the sliding distance (d) and test duration (t) were set for both compositions BFC1 and BFC2. The following parameters were recorded during the tests: friction force (F), wear, and other required parameters. The obtained data were used for further calculation of the tribological characteristics of the materials. The coefficient of friction can be calculated using the following equation: F L = µ , (1) where µ is the coefficient of friction of the specimen material; F is the friction force; L is the applied load. The volume of the cylindrical pin material is calculated using the following equation: Volume of the material in the cylindrical pin is calculated by the following equation: = π 2 V r h, (2) where V is the volume of the pin; r is the radius of the pin; h is the height of the pin. The wear rate can be calculated using the following simplified equation: i − = f v v w d (3)
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