OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 27 No. 2 2025 technology improved braking performance, and a lower wear rate contributes to increased durability of brake friction composites. Widely used ceramic and brass fiber-based brake friction composites were previously tested as a benchmark. In this reference study, the ceramic fiber-based brake friction composite showed better results than the brass fiber-based friction composite. In the current work, the average coefficients of friction for materials BFC1 (0.42) and BFC2 (0.48) were higher than that of the benchmark ceramic fiber-based composite (0.38). BFC2 also demonstrated a lower wear rate compared to the benchmark ceramic fiberbased brake friction composite. Aramid fibers are used in friction materials due to their high strength and wear resistance. It has been found that the interaction of aramid fibers with barium sulfate-based fillers increases the abrasiveness of the material. It is known that fillers such as calcium carbonate enhance adhesive interaction with the counterface, which increases friction, but can also increase wear [23]. The use of aramid fibers also contributes to reducing the overall mass of braking systems due to their low density, which leads to increased fuel efficiency [7, 10, 19]. The addition of graphite particles as a friction modifier provides stable friction properties and high wear resistance [3, 19]. The polymer binder plays an important role ensuring proper adhesion of various components, as well as possessing high heat resistance, which is necessary for effective braking [20, 21]. Conclusion Highly efficient friction composite materials with enhanced performance characteristics are used to ensure the durability and safety of automotive braking systems. Achieving these characteristics is ensured by the optimal selection and combination of components in the brake friction composite materials. The proposed BFC1 composition was obtained by mixing and pressing the following key components: basalt fiber, calcium carbonate-based filler, phenolic resin binder and graphite friction modifier. The proposed BFC2 composition mainly consisted of a mixture of aramid fiber, barium sulfate-based filler, phenolic resin binder and graphite friction modifier. Tribological tests of these compositions were carried out on a setup implementing the pin-on-disk scheme. Comparative analysis based on the values of the friction coefficient and wear rate allowed formulating the following key conclusions: – BFC2 composite containing aramid fibers demonstrated higher frictional properties compared to BFC1, which is due to the higher coefficient of friction provided by aramid fibers. – BFC2, containing aramid fibers (providing high tensile strength and wear resistance) and barium sulfate-based filler (increasing stiffness and load-bearing capacity), demonstrated less weight loss during friction and, as a result, a lower wear rate compared to BFC1, which positively affects the operational reliability (durability) of the composite material. – The results of tribological tests performed within the framework of this study allow recommending aramid and basalt fiber-based composites as eco-friendly alternatives to traditional friction composite materials used in automotive braking systems. – The results of this study can be used for further improvement of automotive braking systems. Promising directions for further research are the optimization of composite material compositions to improve the overall performance of brake friction composite materials. The use of the results of this study will allow braking system manufacturers to make informed decisions when choosing optimal components for friction composite materials. The obtained results also confirm that the development of friction composite materials is a dynamically developing field that requires continuous research and the implementation of innovative solutions to ensure sustainable safety and reliability of automotive braking systems.
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