OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 27 No. 2 2025 123 EQUIPMENT. INSTRUMENTS Experimental investigation of graphene oxide-based nano cutting fl uid in drilling of aluminum matrix composite reinforced with SiC particles under nano-MQL conditions Nilesh Patil 1, a, Sachin Agarwal 2, b, Atul Kulkarni 3, c, *, Atul Saraf 4, d, Milind Rane 3, e, Yogiraj Dama 5, f 1 Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Aurangabad-431010, Maharashtra, India 2 Deogiri Institute of engineering and management studies, Aurangabad, 431005, India 3 Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, Maharashtra, 411037, India 4 Sardar Vallabhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, India 5 Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere, Raigad, Maharashtra, 402103, India a https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4884-4267, nileshgpatil@rediff mail.com; b https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4582-1745, sachinagarwal@dietms.org; c https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6452-6349, atul.kulkarni@vit.edu; d https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4776-6874, atul.saraf001@gmail.com; e https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5829-5305, milind.rane@vit.edu; f https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5404-4347, yogirajdama@dbatu.ac.in Obrabotka metallov - Metal Working and Material Science Journal homepage: http://journals.nstu.ru/obrabotka_metallov Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science. 2025 vol. 27 no. 2 pp. 103–125 ISSN: 1994-6309 (print) / 2541-819X (online) DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2025-27.2-103-125 ART I CLE I NFO Article history: Received: 12 January 2025 Revised: 12 February 2025 Accepted: 17 March 2025 Available online: 15 June 2025 Keywords: Nano cutting fl uid NMQL Graphene oxide Circularity Burr height Empirical modeling ABSTRACT Introduction. Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) is eff ectively employed as suitable cooling strategy. However, compared to fl ood cooling, which is widely used in the industry, MQL is characterized by a lower heat dissipation capacity. While thermal shock is reported in fl ood cooling, the use of MQL ensures a smoother chip removal and reduces the risk of thermal stress. Research methods. Within the scope of this study, experimental investigations were carried out on drilling of aluminum matrix composite (MMC) reinforced with silicon carbide (Al-SiC MMC) using AlCrN PVD-coated drills (drill diameter 8 mm). MMC samples were manufactured with varying volume fractions of SiC (10–30%). The aim of the experiments was to study the infl uence of non-edible vegetable oil with the addition of graphene oxide (used as a cutting fl uid) on the drilling process of AlSiC MMC. The cutting speed (30–150 m/min), feed rate (0.05–0.25 mm/rev), volume fraction of SiC (10–30%), and MQL fl ow rate (60–180 ml/h) were selected as input process parameters. Their response parameters were cutting force, torque, surface roughness, hole circularity, and burr height during high-speed drilling of MMC. The undi (Calophyllum inophyllum) oil parameters were determined in accordance with the ASTM 6751 standard. The surface morphology and elemental analysis of graphene oxide were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). The purpose of the work. The use of nano-cutting fl uid in combination with MQL is one of the promising approaches for further improving the characteristics of MQL, especially when drilling diffi cult-to-machine materials. The introduction of nanomaterials into MQL contributes to reducing friction at the tool-chip interface, which leads to a decrease in cutting temperature. These methods facilitate the machining of lightweight and diffi cult-to-machine materials, in particular, aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), which are widely used in the automotive and aerospace industries. Results and Discussion. It was found that the use of graphene oxide nanoparticles dispersed in non-edible undi (Calophyllum inophyllum) oil represents a promising alternative to traditional cutting fl uids in drilling MMC. The aim of the study was to develop semi-empirical models for predicting surface roughness and temperature for various compositions of MMC. Increased cutting effi ciency is achieved by precisely determining the temperature in the machining zone. However, the practical determination of the cutting temperature in each specifi c case involves signifi cant labor and fi nancial costs. It was additionally found that graphene oxide nanoparticles mixed with nonedible undi (Calophyllum inophyllum) oil represent an eff ective alternative to traditional cutting fl uids in drilling MMCs. The present work develops a comprehensive empirical formula for predicting the theoretical temperature and surface roughness. It was found that the majority of the power input into the machining process is transformed into thermal energy. For citation: Patil N., Agarwal S., Kulkarni A.P., Saraf A., Rane M., Dama Y.B. Experimental investigation of graphene oxide-based nano cutting fl uid in drilling of aluminum matrix composite reinforced with SiC particles under nano-MQL conditions. Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science, 2025, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 103–125. DOI: 10.17212/19946309-2025-27.2-103-125. (In Russian). ______ * Corresponding author Kulkarni Atul P., Professor Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune, Maharashtra, 411037, India Tel.: 91-2026950419, e-mail: atul.kulkarni@vit.edu
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