OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 23 No. 3 2021 MATERIAL SCIENCE EQUIPMENT. INSTRUMENTS 7 2 5 Sodavadia and Makwana [23] investigated the application of nano boric acid solid lubricant suspensions in coconut oil during turning of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel with a carbide tool. Nano boric acid solid lubricants of 50 nm particle size were suspended in coconut oil, the base lubricant. The variation of average tool flank wear, surface roughness of the machined surface, and cutting tool temperature with cutting speed and feed rate were identified with nano solid lubricant suspensions in coconut oil. It has been observed from past literature that the use of nanoparticles in machining, especially drilling, proved beneficial due to their significant lubricating and cooling effects. Many researchers have used different nanoparticles with vegetable and conventional cutting fluids; however, no research has yet been reported on using graphene oxide nanoparticles in non-edible vegetable oil like Undi oil [23‑25]. Graphene oxide is a recent material produced from synthetic graphite powder. It has excellent mechanical and thermal properties and is used in many fields such as solar cells, touch screens, and biosensors. One of the exceptional properties of graphene oxide is its superior thermal conductivity, which is as high as 5,800 W/m·K, making graphene oxide particles effective heat transfer channels that can be used as cutting fluids in difficult-to-cut materials such as MMCs [26, 27]. The purpose of this research is to study nano-cutting fluid with the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) method for automotive and aerospace applications. In the current study, graphene oxide particles have been dispersed in Undi oil. To investigate the influence of graphene oxide nanoparticles in drilling MMC under different cooling conditions, performance was measured in terms of thrust force, torque, surface roughness, circularity, and burr height. The study aims to understand the impact of adding nanomaterials to cutting fluid on the tool-chip interaction surface and on lowering cutting temperature. The focus is on machining lightweight and hard-to-machine materials, such as aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs). CNC machine, MQL system, cutting tool, and surface roughness tester facilities available at the Mechanical Engineering Department of VIIT, Pune, Maharashtra, India, were used for the research work. Investigation Technique Aluminium metal matrix composites (AMCs) are potential materials for different applications due to their superior physical and mechanical properties. Reinforcements in the metallic matrix improve stiffness, specific strength, and wear properties compared to conventional materials. Aluminium MMCs are commonly used in aircraft, aerospace, automotive, and various other fields. However, these materials are usually regarded as exceptionally difficult to cut because of the abrasive nature of the reinforcement particulates (Table 1). Hence, aluminum metal matrix composites reinforced with SiC particles have been selected as the workpiece material for this study. Table1 shows the properties of the machined materials used in this experimental investigation. SEM micrograph of Al-SiC MMC is shown in Fig. 1 at 300× magnification. Fig. 2, a and b show the Al-SiC MMC plate and PVD-coated cemented carbide drill bit, respectively. Ta b l e 1 Properties of the machined materials Workpiece Properties Thermal coefficient of expansion (K−1) Specific heat, (J/kg∙K) Thermal conductivity, (W/m∙K) Density, (kg/m3) Melting point, (K) Al/SiCp/10% 20.7 879 156 2.710 828 Al/SiCp/20% 17.46 837 150 2.765 828 Al/SiCp/30% 14.58 795 144 2.798 828
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