OBRABOTKAMETALLOV MATERIAL SCIENCE Vol. 27 No. 2 2025 where x and y are independent and dependent variables, respectively; a is the proportionality constant; k is the power exponent. It is observed that tribological studies in adhesive wear conditions show power law behavior, where small variations in a parameter significantly influence the dependent parameter. This helps in identifying the dependency of the wear rate on different operating variables, making the power law useful for designing components with better performance. The power law offers a robust approach to understanding wear and friction of materials, making it a significant tool in tribological applications [24]. It also helps in preventing premature failure, designing durable materials, and optimizing operating parameters. However, its limitations need to be analyzed, and assumptions need to be validated with empirical data. Results and Discussion A pin-on-disc setup was used for experimentation with a fixed sliding distance of 5 km. Fig. 4 shows the track image along with the track impression on the SS 304 plate. Fig. 4. Track image of pins on SS 304 steel disc Before starting the experiments, the weight of each specimen was recorded, and experiments were performed as per the DoE. The mass loss was recorded for different normal loads, sliding speeds, and temperatures. Volume loss and specific wear rate for each condition were determined using Equation 2 and Equation 3. 3 Mass loss (m) Volume loss (mm ) Density ( ) ρ (2) 3 3 Volume loss (mm ) Sp. wear rate (mm / N × m) = Load (N) × Sliding distance (m) (3) The experimental results for all the trials are tabulated in Table 5. A mathematical equation based on the power law was considered to predict wear by considering the normal load (N) and speed (RPM), and it is given in Equation 4. Generally, the power law is used to understand the influence of multiple input parameters on the output response. , b c d W a L S T (4) where W is the specific wear rate; L is the normal load; S is the sliding speed; T is the temperature; a, b, c and d are the constants. The values of these constants were determined for materials M1, M2, and M3 using experimental data. DataFit software was used to obtain the correlation between wear, normal load, sliding speed, and temperature; the empirical equation for the corresponding material is given in Table 6. The majority of test runs showed that M2 exhibits better wear resistance, characterized by the lowest volume loss and specific wear rate. At a load of 2 N and a speed of 400 rpm, M2 gave a volume loss
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