Obrabotka Metallov 2018 Vol. 20 No. 2

OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 20 No. 2 2018 128 MATERIAL SCIENCE For citation: Lenivtseva O.G., TokarevA.O., Chakin I.K., Burov S.V., Khudorozhkova Yu.V. Surface hardening of commercially pure titanium by non-vacuum electron beam cladding of powder mixtures. Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science , 2018, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 116–129. doi: 10.17212/1994-6309-2018-20.2-116-129. (In Russian). ______ * Corresponding author Burov Sergey V. , Ph.D. (Engineering), Senior Researcher Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 34 Komsomolskaya st., 620049, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation Tel.: 8 (343) 362-30-17, e-mail: burchitai@mail.ru References 1. Wang Y., Lei K., Ruan Y., Dong W. Microstructure and wear resistance of c-BN/Ni–Cr–Ti composites prepared by spark plasma sintering. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials , 2016, vol. 54, pp. 98– 103. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2015.07.010. 2. Shigeta M., Watanabe T. Multicomponent co-condensation model of Ti-based boride/silicide nanoparticle growth in induction thermal plasmas. Thin Solid Films , 2007, vol. 515, iss. 9, pp. 4217–4227. doi: 10.1016/j. tsf.2006.02.042. 3. Guo X., Niu Y., Huang L., Ji H., Zheng X. Microstructure and tribological property of TiC-Mo composite coating prepared by vacuum plasma spraying. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology , 2012, vol. 21, iss. 5, pp. 1083– 1090. doi: 10.1007/s11666-012-9797-3. 4. Wang Q., Zhang P.-Z., Wei D.-B., Chen X.-H., Wang R.-N., Wang H.-Y., Feng K.-T. Microstructure and sliding wear behavior of pure titanium surface modified by double-glow plasma surface alloying with Nb. Materials and Design , 2012, vol. 52, pp. 265–273. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.05.061. 5. Nandwana P., Hwang J.Y., Koo M.Y., Tiley J., Hong S.H., Banerjee R. Formation of equiaxed alpha and titanium nitride precipitates in spark plasma sintered TiB/Ti–6Al–4V composites. Materials Letters , 2012, vol. 83, pp. 202–205. doi: 10.1016/j.matlet.2012.05.132. 6. Mikheev A.E., Girn A.V., Ivasev S.S., Vakhteev E.V. Sposob uprochneniya poverkhnosti izdelii iz titanovykh splavov [Procedure for strengthening surface of items of titanium alloys]. Patent RF, no. 2427666, 2011. 7. Uglov V.V., Cherenda N.N., Shimanskii V.I., Podsobei G.Z., Astashinskii V.M. Sposob uprochneniya poverkhnosti izdelii iz titanovykh splavov [Strengthening method of surface of items from titanium alloys]. Patent RF, no. 2464355, 2012. 8. Zhang H.X., Yu H.J., Chen C.Z. In-situ forming composite coating by laser cladding C/B4C. Materials and Manufacturing Processes , 2015, vol. 30, iss. 6, pp. 743–747. doi: 10.1080/10426914.2014.994772. 9. Zhang Yo., Sun Ji., Vilar R. Characterization of (TiB + TiC)/TC4 in situ titanium matrix composites prepared by laser direct deposition. Journal of Materials Processing Technology , 2011, vol. 211, iss. 4, pp. 597–601. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.11.009. 10. Zeng X., Yamaguchi T., Nishio K. Characteristics of Ti (C,N)/TiB composite layer on Ti–6Al–4V alloy produced by laser surface melting. Optics and Laser Technology , 2016, vol. 80, pp. 84–91. doi: 10.1016/j. optlastec.2016.01.004. 11. White R.M., Dickey E.C. Mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of B4C–TiB2 eutectic composites. Journal of the European Ceramic Society , 2013, vol. 34, iss. 9, pp. 2043–2050. doi: 10.1016/j. jeurceramsoc.2013.08.012. 12. Li J., Wang H., Li M., Yu Zh. Effect of yttrium on microstructure and mechanical properties of laser clad coatings reinforced by in situ synthesized TiB and TiC. Journal of Rare Earths , 2011, vol. 29, iss. 5, pp. 477–483. doi: 10.1016/S1002-0721(10)60483-8. 13. Xin H., Watson L.M., Baker T.N. Surface analytical studies of a laser nitrided Ti-6Al-4V alloy: a comparison of spinning and stationary laser beam modes. Acta Materialia , 1998, vol. 46, iss. 6, pp. 1949–1961. doi: 10.1016/ S1359-6454(97)00438-2. 14. Ferro D., Rau J.V., Rossi Albertini V., Generosi A., Teghil R., Barinov S.M. Pulsed laser deposited hard TiC, ZrC, HfC and TaC films on titanium: hardness and an energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction study. Surface and Coatings Technology , 2008, vol. 202, iss. 8, pp. 1455–1461. doi: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.06.060. 15. Bataev I.A., Kurlaev N.V., Butylenkova O.A., Lenivtseva O.G., LosinskayaA.A. Morfologiya boridov zheleza v poverkhnostnom sloe, naplavlennom elektronnym luchom [Morphology of iron borides in coatings, produced

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