Obrabotka Metallov 2019 Vol. 21 No. 4

OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 21 No. 4 2019 124 MATERIAL SCIENCE Damask Steel Mechanical Properties Dmitry Sukhanov 1, a, * , Natalya Plotnikova 2, b , Svetlana Dolgova 2, c , Larisa Sukhanova 1, d , Aleksandr Golikov 1, e , Leonid Arhangelskiy 3, f 1 Metal service center ASK-MSC Company, 8 Nauchny proezd, Moscow, 117246, Russian Federation 2 Novosibirsk State Technical University, 20 Prospekt K. Marksa, Novosibirsk, 630073, Russian Federation 3 Interregional public organization “Creative Union of Blacksmiths”, 6 Tamozhennyi proezd, Moscow, 111033, Russian Federation a https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9565-6437, suhanov7@mail.ru, b https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8005-1128, plotnikova1975@mail.ru , c https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3918-273X , svetlanadolgova99@gmail.com, d https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1431-6183, suhanova.l@ask-msk.ru , e https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5962-135X , golikov.a@ask-msk.ru , f https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4202-2518, tigram.korolev@mail.ru Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science. 2019 vol. 21 no. 4 pp. 113–126 ISSN: 1994-6309 (print) / 2541-819X (online) DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2019-21.4-113-126 Obrabotka metallov - Metal Working and Material Science Journal homepage: http://journals.nstu.ru/obrabotka_metallov ARTICLE INFO Article history : Received: 16 September 2019 Revised: 23 October 2019 Accepted: 15 November 2019 Available online: 15 December 2018 Keywords : Damascus steel Wootz UHC steel Indo-Persian Steel Acknowledgments The studies were performed at the Central Design Bureau of “Structure, mechanical and physical properties of materials” NSTU for help in conducting joint research work, the authors express their deep gratitude to the staff of the Department of Materials Science in Mechanical Engineering of the Novosibirsk State Technical University and to the employees of the Metalwork Plant of JSC ASK. ABSTRACT Purpose: to determine the mechanical properties of damask steel, to establish the main disadvantages and advantages of blade products of antiquity compared to modern high-carbon tool steels. Materials and research methods . The objects of the study are tool steel U15A (1.5 % С) and damask steel Ds15P. The chemical composition of the materials is determined using an ARL 3460 type optical emission spectrometer. Structural studies are carried out on a Zeiss EV050 XVP scanning electron microscope with an EDS X-Act probe microanalyzer system and a METAM PB-21-2 optical microscope. The structure of the excess carbide phase is studied using a transmission electron microscope of the TEI Tecnai G2 20 TWIN type. The structural component hardness is determined using a Model 402MVD microhardness tester. Results and discussions. Scientific works to determine the mechanical properties of genuine Damascus steel are very few. This is because most high-quality blades of genuine Damascus steel sword are stored in state museums or private collections. The authors agree that genuine Damascus steels with a carbon content of 1.3% to 2.3 % have legendary elasticity and fracture toughness with a sufficiently high content of phosphorus in the composition of these steels. The paper compares the mechanical properties of modern carbon tool steel and genuine Damascus steel. It is confirmed that the layered structure of Eastern Damascus steel type Ds15P, formed carbide layers of a width not exceeding 75 microns in troostite matrix differs from the homogeneous structure of modern carbon tool steel type U15А. The microhardness of the carbide layers in genuine Damascene steel is 920 HV, the microhardness of the layers troostite - 475 HV. Carbide layers in genuine Damascene steel consist of cementite oblong. Oblong excess carbides morphologically resemble an oval with a thickening in the middle part. The sizes of carbides in cross section make about 3...4 microns, in longitudinal section do not exceed 9...12 microns, the ratio of axes makes 1/3. Found that the blade edge Damascus blade represents microsaw consisting of parallel carbide and troostite layers. Conducted comparative tests on the preservation of cutting edge blade steel U15А and Ds15P found that with little effort Damascus steel (Ds15P) shows a greater number of cuts than the steel U15А. It is revealed that a layered structure of genuine Damascus steel type Ds15P the fatigue crack propagation from the time of its occurrence until complete destruction occurs for a greater number of cycles than in the homogeneous structure of modern carbon tool steel type U15А. Damascus steel type Ds15P showed a 2-fold stock fatigue life compared to modern carbon tool steel type U15А. For citation: Sukhanov D.A., Plotnikova N.V., Dolgova S.V., Sukhanova L.N., Golikov A.Yu., Arhangelskiy L.B. Damask steel mechanical properties. Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science , 2019, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 113–126. DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2019-21.4-113-126. (In Russian). ______ * Corresponding author Suhanov Dmitriy A., Ph.D. (Engineering), Director Metal service center ASK-MSC Company, 8 Nauchny proezd, Moscow, 117246, Russian Federation Tel.: +7 (495) 775-17-55, e-mail: suhanov7@mail.ru