Актуальные проблемы в машиностроении. Том 10. № 1-2. 2023 Инновационные технологии в машиностроении ____________________________________________________________________ 7 PROBLEMS OF THERMAL CONTROL IN THE PROCESS OF HARD TURNING OF HEAT-RESISTANT STEELS R. Yu. NEKRASOV, Ph.D. (Engineering), Associate Professor U. S. PUTILOVA, Ph.D. (Engineering), Associate Professor D. E. PISAREV, Student of bachelor (IUT, Tyumen) Nekrasov R. Yu. – 38 Volodarsky str., Tyumen, 625000, Russia Tyumen Industrial University, e-mail: nekrasovrj@tyuiu.ru The cutting temperature plays an important role in the processing of heat-resistant steels. It leads to rapid cutting tool wear, which in turn leads to high economic expenditures. The solution to this problem is the use of coolant; the most promising is the internal cooling of the cutting tool, but its use has several disadvantages. This paper discusses existing methods that compensate for the disadvantages of coolant or completely help to get rid of it when cutting metal. Keywords: heat-resistant steels, thermal regulation, turning processing. Introduction The main direction of development of modern mechanical engineering is to increase labor productivity. A basic factor hindering the introduction of eco-mode machining is the early wear of the tool, including due to the increased cutting temperature during machining. The significant amount of heat generated during metal cutting shortens tool life, reduces workpiece surface quality and dimensional accuracy, especially for hard-to-reach materials such as titanium, nickel and composites. Traditionally, a cutting fluid (coolant) is used to reduce the cutting temperature, lubricate the contact between the tool and the layer of material being cut, and extend the life of the tool. But coolants are expensive to store and dispose of, as well as pollute the environment and harm the health of operators. So, in some cases, processing without the use of a coolant is necessary. Theory To compensate for the disadvantages associated with the use of coolant, a number of cooling methods have been undertaken for dry or quasi-dry machining, such as thermal control with minimal lubrication, pressure coolant, cryogenic cooling, compressed air cooling and heat pipe cooling, as well as internal cooling systems. Among these cooling methods, internal cooling is the most promising. Cooling occurs due to the indirect removal of thermal energy from the cutting zone, by creating internal structures inside the tool. In addition, this leads to a new approach to measuring the temperature of the tool during machining by measuring the temperature of the fluid flowing in the built-in internal system of the tool [1-5]. Temperature plays a key role in metal machining; there are studies to measure cutting temperature during metal cutting. Stephenson used instrumental (dynamic) thermocouple
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