OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 25 No. 4 2023 229 MATERIAL SCIENCE Infl uence of high-energy impact during plasma cutting on structure and properties of surface layers of aluminum and titanium alloys Valery Rubtsov 1, a, *, Alexander Panfi lov 1, b, Evgeny Knyazhev 1, c, Alexandra Nikolaeva 1, d, Andrey Cheremnov 1, e, Anastasia Gusarova 1, f, Vladimir Beloborodov 1, g, Andrey Chumaevskii 1, h, Artem Grinenko2, i, Evgeny Kolubaev1, k 1 Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 2/4, pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk, 634055, Russian Federation 2 ITS-Siberia LLC, 16a Severnoe Shosse, Krasnoyarsk, 660118, Russian Federation а https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0348-1869, rvy@ispms.tsc.ru; b https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8648-0743, alexpl@ispms.ru; c https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1984-9720, clothoid@ispms.tsc.ru; d https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-8540, nikolaeva@ispms.tsc.ru; e https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2225-8232, amc@ispms.tsc.ru; f https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4208-7584, gusarova@ispms.ru; g https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4609-1617, vabel@ispms.tsc.ru; h https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1983-4385, tch7av@gmail.com; i https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9511-1303, giga2011@yandex.ru; k https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7288-3656, eak@ispms.tsc.ru Obrabotka metallov - Metal Working and Material Science Journal homepage: http://journals.nstu.ru/obrabotka_metallov Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science. 2023 vol. 25 no. 4 pp. 216–231 ISSN: 1994-6309 (print) / 2541-819X (online) DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2023-25.4-216-231 ART I CLE I NFO Article history: Received: 26 September 2023 Revised: 11 October 2023 Accepted: 18 October 2023 Available online: 15 December 2023 Keywords: Plasma cutting Ti-4Al-1Mn titanium alloy Grade2titanium alloy Macrostructure Aluminum alloy AA2124 Aluminum alloy AA5056 Heat aff ected zone Change of mechanical properties of material Funding The results were obtained in the framework of the Integrated Project “Establishment of production of high-tech equipment for adaptive high-precision plasma heavy cutting of non-ferrous metals for the metallurgical, aerospace and transport industries of the Russian Federation” (Agreement No. 075-11-2022-012 dated April 06, 2022) implemented by the ISPMS SB RAS at the fi nancial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation as part of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 218 dated April 09, 2010. Acknowledgements Research were partially conducted at core facility “Structure, mechanical and physical properties of materials”. ABSTRACT Introduction. Plasma cutting of various metals and alloys is one of the most productive processes for obtaining workpieces, especially when using reverse polarity plasmatrons. The use of plasma cutting in the production of workpieces of large thicknesses potentially allows to increase the productivity of the process. In the domestic industry plasma cutting equipment of foreign production is widely used, which poses the problem of import substitution of manufactured products and equipment with the corresponding parts of Russian companies. For this reason, at present the Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science together with the company “ITS Siberia” develops plasma cutting equipment on reverse polarity currents. At the same time, in order to determine the peculiarities of infl uence of parameters and modes of plasma cutting process on the structure of metal in the cutting zone, it is necessary to conduct comparative studies on diff erent metals and alloys. Aim of the work: is to identify the characteristics of the infl uence of high energy impact on the structure and properties of surface layers of aluminum and titanium alloys during plasma cutting using a plasma torch operating with reverse polarity currents. The research methods are optical metallography, microhardness measurement and laser scanning microscopy of the surface after plasma cutting. Results and discussions. The conducted researches show a wide range of possibilities to adjust the process parameters of plasma cutting of aluminum alloys AA5056 and AA2124, and titanium alloy Grade2. For the alloys used in this work there are optimal values of process parameters, deviations from which lead to various violations of cut quality. Aluminum alloys show a tendency to signifi cant de-strengthening in the cutting zone, which is associated with the formation of a large crystalline structure and large incoherent secondary phases with simultaneous depletion of the solid solution with alloying elements. Titanium alloys are characterized by quenching eff ects in the cutting zone with increasing microhardness values. Oxides are also formed in the surface layers despite the use of nitrogen shielding gas. In the alloy Ti-4Al-1Mn, in the previously conducted works, the formation of oxide fi lms with high hardness is not noted, while in the Grade2 alloy at cutting in the surface layers oxides are formed sharply increasing the values of microhardness of the material up to values of about 15 GPa. This situation can complicate mechanical processing of titanium alloys after plasma cutting. The obtained results indicate a rather low value of the allowance for further machining after plasma cutting of aluminum and titanium alloys. For citation: Rubtsov V.E., Panfi lov A.O., Knyazhev E.O., Nikolaeva A.V., Cheremnov A.M., Gusarova A.V., Beloborodov V.A., Chumaevskii A.V., Grinenko A.V., Kolubaev E.A. Infl uence of high-energy impact during plasma cutting on structure and properties of surface layers of aluminum and titanium alloys. Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science, 2023, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 216–231. DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2023-25.4-216-231. (In Russian). ______ * Corresponding author Rubtsov Valery E., Leading researcher Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 2/4, pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk, 634055, Russian Federation Tеl.: +7 (382) 228-68-63, e–mail: rvy@ispms.ru
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