OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 27 No. 2 2025 217 MATERIAL SCIENCE Eff ect of cold radial forging on structure, texture and mechanical properties of lightweight austenitic steel Dmitrii Panov 1, a,*, Ruslan Chernichenko 1, b, Stanislav Naumov 1, s, Egor Kudryavtsev 1, d, Gennady Salishchev 1, e, Alexey Pertsev 2, f 1 Belgorod National Research University, 85 Pobedy Str., Belgorod, 308015, Russian Federation 2 Department Chief Metallurgist, Perm Scientifi c-Research Technological Institute, 41 Geroev Khasana Str., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation a https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8971-1268, dimmak-panov@mail.ru; b https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8619-0700, rus.chernichenko@mail.ru; c https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4084-8861, NaumovStanislav@yandex.ru; d https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1113-0807, kudryavtsev@bsuedu.ru; e https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0815-3525, salishchev_g@bsuedu.ru; f https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0771-9345, perets_87@mail.ru Obrabotka metallov - Metal Working and Material Science Journal homepage: http://journals.nstu.ru/obrabotka_metallov Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science. 2025 vol. 27 no. 2 pp. 206–218 ISSN: 1994-6309 (print) / 2541-819X (online) DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2025-27.2-206-218 ART I CLE I NFO Article history: Received: 25 February 2025 Revised: 18 March 2025 Accepted: 27 March 2025 Available online: 15 June 2025 Keywords: Lightweight austenitic steel Cold radial forging Structure Texture Strength Ductility Funding This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 20-79-10094) using the equipment of BSU Shared Research Facilities “Technologies and Materials”. ABSTRACT Introduction. Lightweight austenitic steels, exhibiting high mechanical properties combined with cost-eff ective alloying and low density, are promising materials for automotive and airspace industries. The purpose of this work is to study the evolution of the structure and properties of Fe-21Mn-6Al-1C lightweight austenitic steel after cold radial forging (CRF) under various modes. Methods. Microstructural studies were performed using transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM) on JEOL JEM-2100 and FEI Nova NanoSEM 450 microscopes, respectively. Microhardness was determined in the cross-section using a Wolpert 402MVD microhardness tester with a load of 200 g and a dwell time of 15 s. Uniaxial tension testing of samples cut from the edge and center was performed on an Instron 5882 machine at room temperature and a strain rate of 1×10-3 s−1. Results and discussion. The stages of structure formation were determined: after deformation (ε) of up to 20 %, the formation of deformation microbands in the center and parallel deformation microbands at the rod edge takes place; after ε = 40–60 %, the formation of single mechanical twins in the center and packets of twins/lamellas at the edge occurs; after ε = 80 %, the intensive twinning in the center and formation of a fragmented structure at the edge takes place. Increasing the degree of CRF leads to the development of a sharp two-component axial texture <111>// rod axis (RA) and <100>//RA in the center, which is blurred towards the edge. At the edge of the rod, a shear texture B/B̅ is observed after CRF with ε = 40 % and higher. After CRF with ε = 20 %, the material in the center of the rod exhibits higher strength and hardness and lower ductility compared to the edge. Further CRF is accompanied by a change in this strength/hardness and ductility ratio between the center and the edge of the rod to the opposite. Thus, CRF is a promising method for producing industrial blanks from lightweight austenitic steels. For citation: Panov D.O., Chernichenko R.S., Naumov S.V., Kudryavtsev E.A., Salishchev G.A., Pertsev A.S. Eff ect of cold radial forging on structure, texture and mechanical properties of lightweight austenitic steel. Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science, 2025, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 206–218. DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2025-27.2-206-218. (In Russian). ______ * Corresponding author Panov Dmitrii D., Ph.D. (Engineering), Belgorod National Research University, 85 Pobedy Str., 308015, Belgorod, Russian Federation Tel.: +7 4722 30-12-11, e-mail: dimmak-panov@mail.ru References 1. Chen S., Rana R., Haldar A., Ray R.K. Current state of Fe-Mn-Al-C low density steels. Progress in Materials Science, 2017, vol. 89, pp. 345–391. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2017.05.002. 2. Raabe D., Springer H., Gutierrez-Urrutia I., Roters F., Bausch M., Seol J.B., Koyama M., Choi P.P., Tsuzaki K. Alloy design, combinatorial synthesis, and microstructure–property relations for low-density Fe-Mn-Al-C austenitic steels. Jom, 2014, vol. 66, pp. 1845–1856. DOI: 10.1007/s11837-014-1032-x. 3. Ding H., Liu D., Cai M., Zhang Y. Austenite-based Fe-Mn-Al-C lightweight steels: research and prospective. Metals, 2022, vol. 12 (10), p. 1572. DOI: 10.3390/met12101572.
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