OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 27 No. 2 2025 86 TECHNOLOGY References 1. Sharma P., Kishore K., Sinha M.K., Singh V. Electrical discharge machining of nickel-based superalloys: a comprehensive review. International Journal of Materials Engineering Innovation, 2022, vol. 13 (3), pp. 157–190. DOI: 10.1504/IJMATEI.2022.125119. Enhancement of EDM performance for NiTi, NiCu, and BeCu alloys using a multi-criteria approach based on utility function Vijaykumar Jatti 1, a, Vijayan Singarajan 2, b, A. Saiyathibrahim 3, c, Vinaykumar Jatti 4, d, Murali Krishnan 2, e, *, Savita Jatti 5, f 1 School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Noida, 201310, India 2 Karpagam Institute of Technology, Coimbatore - 641105, Tamil Nadu, India 3 University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, 140413, Punjab, India 4 Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India 5 D Y Patil College of Engineering, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India a https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7949-2551, vijaykjatti@gmail.com; b https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3636-7731, s.n.vijayan@gmail.com; c https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1968-0937, imsaiyath@gmail.com; d https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6016-0709, vinay.jatti89@gmail.com; e https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0107-0753, murali15091990@gmail.com; f https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5514-8078, savitabirajdardyp@gmail.com Obrabotka metallov - Metal Working and Material Science Journal homepage: http://journals.nstu.ru/obrabotka_metallov Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science. 2025 vol. 27 no. 2 pp. 57–88 ISSN: 1994-6309 (print) / 2541-819X (online) DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2025-27.2-57-88 ART I CLE I NFO Article history: Received: 20 February 2025 Revised: 25 March 2025 Accepted: 27 March 2025 Available online: 15 June 2025 Keywords: Boron carbide EDM Shape memory alloy Multi-objective optimization Taguchi ANOVA and Utility concept ABSTRACT Introduction: Machining hard materials and shape memory alloys (SMAs), such as NiTi, NiCu, and BeCu, using conventional techniques is challenging due to excessive tool wear and poor surface fi nish. Non-conventional machining methods, particularly electrical discharge machining (EDM), off er improved precision and surface quality. However, the eff ectiveness of EDM is contingent upon the optimization of process parameters. The purpose of this study is to optimize EDM parameters to enhance the machining performance of SMAs by considering factors such as pulse-on time, pulse-off time, discharge current, gap voltage, and workpiece electrical conductivity. Methods. In this study, the Taguchi experimental design approach was employed to analyze the infl uence of key process parameters on the material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (SR), and tool wear rate (TWR). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was then applied to identify the most statistically signifi cant factors aff ecting machining performance. A multi-objective optimization method, based on utility theory, was utilized to determine the optimal EDM settings that balance MRR, SR, and TWR. The results were validated through experimental trials. Results and Discussion. The experimental results indicated that Trial 15 achieved the highest MRR of 9.076 mm³/min, while Trial 1 produced the lowest SR of 2.238 μm. The minimum TWR of 0.041 mm³/min was observed in Trial 10, which contributes to increased tool lifespan. ANOVA revealed that gap voltage was the most infl uential factor, accounting for 85.98 % of the variation in machining performance, followed by discharge current (4.76 %) and pulse-off time (2.59 %). The multi-objective optimization process successfully identifi ed parameter confi gurations that optimize MRR while minimizing SR and TWR. The prediction model developed in this study demonstrated high accuracy, with an R² value of 93.3% and an adjusted R² of 89.7%. Validation experiments confi rmed the eff ectiveness of the optimized parameters, resulting in an average MRR of 8.852 mm³/min, SR of 2.818 μm, and TWR of 0.148 mm³/min. The fi ndings presented herein confi rm that careful optimization of EDM parameters signifi cantly enhances the machining performance of SMAs, considerably improving machining effi ciency and tool longevity. For citation: Jatti V.S., Singarajan V., Saiyathibrahim A., Jatti V.S., Krishnan M.R., Jatti S.V. Enhancement of EDM performance for NiTi, NiCu, and BeCu alloys using a multi-criteria approach based on utility function. Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science, 2025, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 57–88. DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2025-27.2-57-88. (In Russian). ______ * Corresponding author Krishnan Murali R., D.Sc. (Engineering), Assistant Professor Karpagam Institute of Technology, Coimbatore – 641105, Tamil Nadu, India Tel.: +91 9789339171, e-mail: murali15091990@gmail.com
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