OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 27 No. 4 2025 13 TECHNOLOGY Machining performance evaluation of eco-friendly copper oxide-based nanofl uids in turning operations Javvadi Eswara Manikanta 1, a, Nitin Ambhore 2, b, *, Krishna Birudugadda Murthy 3, c, Gopala Rao Thellaputta 4, d, Devendra Agrawal 5, e 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Vishnu Engineering College for Women (A), Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, 534202, India 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, SPPU, Maharashtra, Pune 411037, India 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sasi Institute of Technology and Engineering, Tadepalligudem, 534101, India 4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, St. Ann’s College of Engineering & Technology (Autonomous), Chirala, Andhra Pradesh, 523187, India 5 Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Malegaon (Bk), Baramati, Maharashtra, Pune 413115, India a https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-4899, manijem66@gmail.com; b https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8468-8057, nitin.ambhore@vit.edu; c https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4457-0266, bkmurthy@sasi.ac.in; d https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5622-4140, drtgopalarao@gmail.com; e https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2477-1841, dpagrawal@engg.svpm.org.in Obrabotka metallov - Metal Working and Material Science Journal homepage: http://journals.nstu.ru/obrabotka_metallov Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science. 2025 vol. 27 no. 4 pp. 6–15 ISSN: 1994-6309 (print) / 2541-819X (online) DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2025-27.4-6-15 ART I CLE I NFO Article history: Received: 22 July 2025 Revised: 22 August 2025 Accepted: 09 September 2025 Available online: 15 December 2025 Keywords: Copper oxide Nanofl uid High-speed turning Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) Environmental sustainability ABSTRACT Introduction. There is a growing demand for eco-friendly cutting fl uids in machining due to their non-toxicity, sustainability, high performance, and ability to improve surface quality. These fl uids support green manufacturing practices and promote a safe working environment. Copper oxide-based nanofl uids off er the combined benefi ts of enhanced heat transfer, increased safety, and reduced tool wear and cutting forces. The purpose of the work. This research focuses on evaluating the performance of copper oxide-based cutting fl uids in turning processes to support sustainable and eco-conscious manufacturing. The study investigates the turning of SS 304 steel using varying concentrations of copper oxide nanofl uids. The methods of investigation. In this study, the turning process was tested under various machining conditions using diff erent concentrations of copper oxide nanoparticles (0.3 %, 0.6 %, 0.9 %, 1.2 %, and 1.5 %). Corn oil was selected as the base oil, and the copper oxide nanoparticles were dispersed in the corn oil to prepare the nanofl uid. Machining trials were conducted under diff erent lubrication environments: dry, wet, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and nano-enhanced MQL (nMQL). A comparative study was performed to assess cutting temperature and cutting forces. Results and discussion. The results showed that the use of 1.2 % copper oxide nanofl uid led to signifi cant reductions in cutting force and cutting temperature, by approximately 17.54 % and 29.53 %, respectively, compared to traditional dry and wet machining environments. Furthermore, the nanofl uid was observed to form a protective fi lm at the tool-workpiece interface, reducing tool wear. These fi ndings highlight the potential of copper oxide-based green cutting fl uids to improve turning operation effi ciency and promote environmentally sustainable practices. For citation: Manikanta J.E., Ambhore N., Murthy K.В., Thellaputta G.R., Agrawal D. Machining performance evaluation of eco-friendly copper oxide-based nanofl uids in turning operations. Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science, 2025, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 6–15. DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2025-27.4-6-15. (In Russian). ______ * Corresponding author Ambhore Nitin, Ph.D. (Engineering), Assistant Professor Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune - 411037, Maharashtra, India Tel.: +91-2026950441, e-mail: nitin.ambhore@vit.edu References 1. Manikanta J.E., Ambhore N., Nikhare C., Gurajala, N.K., Ch. H.K. Sustainable machining: enhancing performance with vegetable oil-based nano cutting fl uids. Discover Materials, 2025, vol. 5, p. 63. DOI: 10.1007/ s43939-025-00236-4. 2. Hiran Gabriel D.J., Parthiban M., Kantharaj I., Beemkumar N. A review on sustainable alternatives for conventional cutting fl uid applications for improved machinability. Machining Science and Technology, 2023, vol. 27 (2), pp. 157–207. DOI: 10.1080/10910344.2023.2194966.
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