OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 27 No. 4 2025 192 EQUIPMENT. INSTRUMENTS References 1. Zamani M.M.A., Etamadi E., Bodaghi M., Hu H. Conceptual design and analysis of novel hybrid auxetic stents with superior expansion. Mechanics of Materials, 2023, vol. 187, pp. 1–16. DOI: 10.1016/j.mechmat.2023.104813. 2. Čanić S., Grubišić L., Ljulj M., Maretić M., Tambača J. Geometric optimization of vascular stents modeled as networks of 1D rods. Journal of Computational Physics, 2023, vol. 494, pp. 1–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcp.2023.112497. 3. Ebrahimi M.S., Noruzi M., Hamzehei R., Etemadi E., Hashemi R. Revolutionary auxetic intravascular medical stents for angioplasty applications. Materials&Design, 2023, vol. 235, pp. 1–17. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2023.112393. 4. Pang S., Zhao W., Qiu T., Liu W., Jiao L., Wang X. Study on surface quality and mechanical properties of micro-milling WE43 magnesium alloy cardiovascular stent. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2023, vol. 101, pp. 1080–1090. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2023.06.061. Investigation of the eff ect of process parameters on photochemical machining of SS316l for manufacturing vascular stents Devendra Agrawal 1, a, * , Sushil Patil 1, b, Dinesh Washimkar 2, c, Nitin Ambhore 2, d, Dhroov Agrawal 3, e 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, S.V.P.M’S College of Engineering Malegaon (Bk.), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 413115, India 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411037, India 3 Department of Bachelor of Medicine & Bachelor of Surgery, KD Medical College Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, India a https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2477-1841, dpagrawal@engg.svpm.org.in; b https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0547-6038, sspatil@engg.svpm.org.in; c https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1312-2619, dinesh.washimkar@vit.edu; d https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8468-8057, nitin.ambhore@vit.edu; e https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8547-9484, dhroovagrawal109@gmail.com Obrabotka metallov - Metal Working and Material Science Journal homepage: http://journals.nstu.ru/obrabotka_metallov Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science. 2025 vol. 27 no. 4 pp. 180–193 ISSN: 1994-6309 (print) / 2541-819X (online) DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2025-27.4-180-193 ART I CLE I NFO Article history: Received: 26 October 2025 Revised: 28 October 2025 Accepted: 15 November 2025 Available online: 15 December 2025 Keywords: PCM Phototool Taguchi Etching Stent Vein blockage ABSTRACT Introduction. Photochemical machining (PCM) is a non-traditional machining method capable of developing burr-free and stress-free biomedical components. A stent is a small meshed tube used to remove blockages and open blood passages in arteries and veins. SS316L is one of the recommended materials for stents due to its biocompatibility and machinability with photochemical processes. Vascular stents are made from metal mesh, fabric, silicone, or combinations of materials. The purpose of this work is to investigate the eff ect of process parameters on the PCM process during the machining of SS316L and to manufacture an SS316L stent as a substrate using photochemical machining. The manufactured stent is used in larger arteries, such as the aorta, to provide a stable channel for blood fl ow. Methods of investigation. The process parameters for the photochemical machining process were optimized using the Taguchi method with an L9 experimental array (DoE). The eff ect of process parameters on responses was investigated using F-values. An ANN was employed as a predictive tool for observing deviations in the responses. Results and discussion. The optimum set of machining parameters was obtained and utilized for manufacturing the vascular stent. A phototool with the required stent strut size was developed using CAD software. Controlled etching with ferric chloride generated the mesh, and laser seam welding was performed to develop the tubular stent for placement in blockages. The dimensions of the developed stent were measured with SEM, and the stent strut size was found to vary from 312 μm to 900 μm. For citation: Agrawal D., Patil S., Washimkar D., Ambhore N., Agrawal D. Investigation of the eff ect of process parameters on photochemical machining of SS316l for manufacturing vascular stents. Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science, 2025, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 180–193. DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2025-27.4-180-193. (In Russian). ______ * Corresponding author Agrawal Devendra Prabhudayal, Ph.D. (Engineering), Associate Professor S.V.P.M’S College of Engineering Malegaon (Bk.), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 413115, India. Tel.: +91-9421054282, e-mail: dpagrawal@engg.evpm.org.in
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