OBRABOTKAMETALLOV Vol. 28 No. 3 2026 145 TECHNOLOGY 3. Doan T.V., Kusmič D., Pospíchal M., Dobrocký D. Improvement of wear resistance for C45 steel using plasma nitriding, nitrocarburizing and nitriding/manganese phosphating duplex treatment. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2017, vol. 179, p. 012017. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/179/1/012017. 4. Madu M.J., Adedipe O., Lawal S.A., Abdulrahman A.S. The infl uence of carburization parameters on the mechanical behavior of mild steel: a review. Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 2025, vol. 72, p. 193. DOI: 10.1186/s44147-025-00776-9. 5. Zhang F., Zhang T., Gou H., Chen S., Wu D., Wei H., Chong X., Li Z., Wu X., Shan Q. Improving the impact wear properties of medium carbon steel by adjusting microstructure under alternating quenching in water and air. Wear, 2023, vol. 512–513, p. 204531. DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2022.204531. 6. Okonkwo B.O., Jeong C., Jang C. Advances on Cr and Ni electrodeposition for industrial applications: a review. Coatings, 2022, vol. 12 (10), p. 1555. DOI: 10.3390/coatings12101555. 7. Akhtar M.N., Lohchab A., Singh D., Kumar R.R., Gaur P., Yadav B.K. Experimental studies on the eff ect of chromium plating on the mechanical properties of SAE 4140 steel. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2023, vol. 72 (4), pp. 2488–2496. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.09.527. 8. Kusmanov S.A., Kusmanova Yu.V., Naumov A.R., Belkin P.N. Formation of diff usion layers by anode plasma electrolytic nitrocarburizing of low-carbon steel. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2015, vol. 24, pp. 3187–3193. DOI: 10.1007/s11665-015-1578-y. 9. Belkin P.N., Kusmanov S.A. Plasma electrolytic hardening of steels: Review. Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry, 2016, vol. 52 (6), pp. 531–546. DOI: 10.3103/S106837551606003X. 10. Hagarová M., Baranová G., Mašlejová A., Horňak P., Csík D., Vojtko M., Truchlý M. Eff ect of current density on mechanical and tribological properties of wear-resistant Cr coatings. Crystals, 2025, vol. 15 (11), p. 936. DOI: 10.3390/cryst15110936. 11. Beyragh M.R.S., Khameneh Asl Sh., Norouzi S. A comparative research on corrosion behavior of a standard, crack-free and duplex hard chromium coatings. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2010, vol. 205 (7), pp. 2032–2037. DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.10.009. 12. Almotairi A., Warkentin A., Farhat Z. Mechanical damage of hard chromium coatings on 416 stainless steel. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2016, vol. 66, pp. 130–140. DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2016.04.011. 13. Kir H., Apay S. Eff ect of hard chrome plating parameters on the wear resistance of low carbon steel. Materials Testing, 2019, vol. 61 (11), pp. 1082–1086. DOI: 10.3139/120.111423. 14. Yang J., Ji P., Zhang J., Xu W., Jiao J., Lian Y., Jiang L., Zhang B. Eff ect of current density on the texture, residual stress, microhardness and corrosion resistance of electrodeposited chromium coating. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2023, vol. 471, p. 129868. DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2023.129868. 15. Capel H., Shipway P.H., Harris S.J. Sliding wear behaviour of electrodeposited cobalt–tungsten and cobalt– tungsten–iron alloys. Wear, 2003, vol. 255 (7–12), pp. 917–923. DOI: 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00241-2. 16. European Parliament and Council of the European Union. Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 concerning the Registration,Evaluation,AuthorisationandRestrictionofChemicals (REACH). Offi cial Journalof theEuropeanUnion, 2006, L 396, pp. 1–849. Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32006R1907 (accessed 19.08.2026). 17. McCarty E. Anti-wear improvement of stamping die materials through duplex chroming. Great Designs in Steel (GDIS) 2018. Southfi eld, MI, Auto/Steel Partnership, 2018. 26 p. Available at: https://www.steel.org/wpcontent/uploads/2023/01/Track-3-McCarty.pdf (accessed 07.04.2026). 18. Dobrocky D., Pokorny P., Studeny Z., Barenyi I., Hruby V. Possibilities of using the duplex system plasma nitriding + CrN coating as a replacement for hard chrome plating. Coatings, 2022, vol. 12 (12), p. 1953. DOI: 10.3390/ coatings12121953. 19. Wang L., Kim D.S., Nam K.S., Kim M., Kwon S.C. Microstructure of electroplated hard chromium coatings after plasma nitrocarburizing. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2005, vol. 190 (2–3), pp. 151–154. DOI: 10.1016/j. surfcoat.2004.08.213. 20. Wang Y., Feng C., Lin T., Zhu R., Zhang J., Yang H., Yi S., He J., Tu M., Wei G. A review of wear-resistant coatings for steel substrates: applications and challenges. Metals, 2025, vol. 15 (11), p. 1231. DOI: 10.3390/ met15111231. 21. Belkin P.N., Kusmanov S.A. Elektrolitno-plazmennaya tsementatsiya metallov i splavov [Electrolytic-plasma carburizing of metals and alloys]. Elektronnaya obrabotka materialov = Electronic Processing of Materials, 2020, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 40–74. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4045823. (In Russian). 22. Naeem M., Awan S., Shafi q M., Raza H.A., Iqbal J., Díaz-Guillén J.C., Sousa R.R.M., Jelani M., Abrar M. Wear and corrosion studies of duplex surface-treated AISI-304 steel by a combination of cathodic cage plasma
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTk0ODM1