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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Obrabotka Metallov / Metal Working and Material Science</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obrabotka Metallov / Metal Working and Material Science</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Обработка металлов (технология • оборудование • инструменты)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1994-6309</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2541-819X</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Новосибирский государственный технический университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">356674</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17212/1994-6309-2025-27.4-257-271</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Effect of laser radiation wavelength on the structure and functional properties of TiNi alloy during UV laser treatment</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние длины волны лазерного излучения при УФ-лазерной обработке на структуру и функциональные свойства сплава TiNi</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5941-5732</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">6603001185</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">R-1411-2019</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2120-5323</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sablina</surname><given-names>Tatyana Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саблина</surname><given-names>Татьяна Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. (Engineering)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук</p></bio><email>Sabltat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0236-2227</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56960055500</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">A-9017-2019</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6370-0134</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kandaurova</surname><given-names>Marina Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кандаурова</surname><given-names>Марина Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. (Physics and Mathematics)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. физ.-мат. наук</p></bio><email>panchenko.marina4@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3219-9299</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">55994040900</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">A-8396-2019</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7074-4486</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zyatikov</surname><given-names>Ilya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зятиков</surname><given-names>Илья Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м.н.с.</p></bio><email>zyatikov@lgl.hcei.tsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8017-7268</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56245985700</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">U-4319-2019</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3088-5582</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Panchenko</surname><given-names>Yurii N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панченко</surname><given-names>Юрий Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D.Sc. (Physics and Mathematics)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор физ.-мат. наук</p></bio><email>yu.n.panchenko@mail.ru</email><uri>https://hcei.tsc.ru/company/staff/panchenko-yuriy-nikolaevich/</uri><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of High Current Electronics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт сильноточной электроники Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 27, NO4 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 27, №4 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>257</fpage><lpage>271</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-07"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Sablina T.Y., Kandaurova M.Y., Zyatikov I.A., Panchenko Y.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Саблина Т.Ю., Кандаурова М.Ю., Зятиков И.А., Панченко Ю.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sablina T.Y., Kandaurova M.Y., Zyatikov I.A., Panchenko Y.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саблина Т.Ю., Кандаурова М.Ю., Зятиков И.А., Панченко Ю.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.rcsi.science/1994-6309/article/view/356674">https://journals.rcsi.science/1994-6309/article/view/356674</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> The widespread use of TiNi-based functional alloys in medicine requires targeted management of their surface properties, such as wettability and biocompatibility. One of the promising methods for surface modification is laser treatment, especially in the UV range of the spectrum. The efficiency of UV laser treatment is due to the high photon energy, strong absorption by metals, and the shallow depth of the thermal effect zone. <bold>The purpose of this work</bold> is to investigate the effect of UV laser radiation wavelength (266 and 355 nm) on the structural and phase state, chemical composition, and wettability of the TiNi alloy surface, with the goal of subsequently controlling the material's functional properties. <bold>Materials and research methods.</bold> TiNi surface modification was performed using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser operating at wavelengths of 266 and 355 nm in ambient air. The modified surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Microstructure, elemental composition, and phase composition were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Wettability was estimated using the sessile drop method. The free surface energy, along with its dispersive and polar components, was then calculated from the contact angle data using the OWRK method. <bold>Results and discussion.</bold> UV laser treatment, varying parameters such as laser radiation wavelength and scanning speed, was found to induce changes in the morphology, elemental composition, phase composition of the surface layer of TiNi alloy samples, and their surface properties. Following UV laser treatment at wavelengths of 266 and 355 nm and low scanning speeds (<bold>V</bold> = 200 and 500 µm/s), single microcracks or microcrack networks resulting from thermal exposure were observed on the specimen surfaces. The oxygen content on the TiNi surface increased by a factor of 5 to 18 compared to the initial state after UV laser treatment. Furthermore, the phase composition of the TiNi alloy underwent noticeable changes, with titanium oxide phases being detected on the surface after laser exposure. The higher-energy photons (λ = 266 nm) resulted in a more pronounced change in the surface morphology and properties of TiNi compared to the 355 nm radiation under identical treating conditions. UV laser treatment significantly increased the surface hydrophilicity: the contact angle decreased from ≈75° in the initial state to ≈25° and ≈11° after treatment with 355 and 266 nm radiation wavelength, respectively. Additionally, an increase in the free surface energy of the TiNi specimens was observed, primarily due to a significant increase in the polar component.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Широкое внедрение функциональных сплавов на основе TiNi в медицине требует целенаправленного управления их поверхностными свойствами, такими как смачиваемость и биосовместимость. Одним из перспективных методов модификации поверхности является лазерная обработка, в особенности в УФ-диапазоне. Эффективность УФ-лазерной обработки обусловлена высокой энергией фотонов, сильным поглощением в металлах и малой глубиной зоны термического влияния. <bold>Целью данной работы</bold> является исследование влияния длины волны УФ-лазерного излучения (266 и 355 нм) на структурно-фазовое состояние, химический состав и смачиваемость поверхности сплава TiNi для последующего управления функциональными свойствами материала. <bold>Материалы и методы исследования</bold><bold>.</bold> Модификация поверхности образцов TiNi проводилась импульсным Nd:YAG-лазером с длинами волн 266 и 355 нм в воздушной среде. Для анализа результатов использовались растровая электронная микроскопия с энергодисперсионной спектроскопией и рентгенофазовый анализ для изучения микроструктуры, элементного и фазового состава. Смачиваемость оценивали методом сидячей капли. На основе данных по контактному углу смачивания рассчитывали свободную поверхностную энергию и ее дисперсионную и полярную составляющие по методу ОВРК. <bold>Результаты и обсуждение.</bold> Установлено, что УФ-лазерная обработка при варьировании таких параметров, как длина волны излучения и скорость лазерного сканирования, приводит к изменению морфологии, количественного соотношения элементов, фазового состава поверхностного слоя образцов сплава TiNi и его поверхностных свойств. После УФ-лазерного воздействия с длиной волны 355 и 266 нм при низких скоростях сканирования (V = 200 и 500 мкм/с) на поверхности образцов регистрируются единичные микротрещины или сетка микротрещин, вызванные влиянием зоны термического воздействия. После УФ-лазерной обработки количество кислорода на поверхности TiNi по сравнению с исходным состоянием увеличивается в 5–18 раз. Фазовый состав никелида титана также претерпевает заметные изменения: на поверхности после лазерного воздействия регистрируются фазы, принадлежащие оксидам титана. Воздействие излучения с более высокоэнергетичными фотонами (λ = 266 нм) на поверхность TiNi приводит к ярко выраженному изменению морфологии и свойств поверхности по сравнению с излучением с длиной волны 355 нм в идентичных режимах. Продемонстрировано, что УФ-лазерная обработка приводит к значительному повышению гидрофильности поверхности: контактный угол смачивания уменьшается с ~75° в исходном состоянии до ~25° и ~11° после обработки излучением с длинами волн 355 и 266 нм соответственно. Кроме этого, наблюдается рост свободной поверхностной энергии образцов TiNi преимущественно за счет значительного увеличения ее полярной составляющей.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Ultraviolet laser radiation</kwd><kwd>Radiation wavelength</kwd><kwd>Surface modification</kwd><kwd>Laser treatment</kwd><kwd>Wettability</kwd><kwd>TiNi alloy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Ультрафиолетовое лазерное излучение</kwd><kwd>Длина волны излучения</kwd><kwd>Модификация поверхности</kwd><kwd>Лазерная обработка</kwd><kwd>Смачиваемость</kwd><kwd>Сплав</kwd><kwd>TiNi</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Funding&#13;
&#13;
This research was carried out with support from the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 25-79-31008, https://rscf.ru/project/25-79-31008/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Финансирование:&#13;
&#13;
Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-79-31008, https://rscf.ru/project/25-79-31008/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta><fn-group><fn xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Funding</italic></p>&#13;
<p>This research was carried out with support from the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 25-79-31008, https://rscf.ru/project/25-79-31008/</p></fn><fn xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Финансирование:</italic></p>&#13;
<p>Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-79-31008, https://rscf.ru/project/25-79-31008/</p></fn></fn-group></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>A review of shape memory alloy research, applications and opportunities / J.M. Jani, M. Leary, A. Subic, M.A. Gibson // Materials &amp; Design. – 2014. – Vol. 56. – P. 1078–1113. – DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.11.084.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Fabrication of NiTi through additive manufacturing: A review / M. Elahinia, N.S. Moghaddam, M.T. Andani, A. Amerinatanzi, B.A. Bimber, R.F. Hamilton // Progress in Materials Science. – 2016. – Vol. 83. – P. 630–663. – DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2016.08.001.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>In vivo biocompatibility evaluation of nickel-titanium shape memory metal alloy: Muscle and perineural tissue responses and encapsule membrane thickness / J. Ryhänen, M. 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