Obrabotka Metallov / Metal Working and Material ScienceObrabotka Metallov / Metal Working and Material ScienceОбработка металлов (технология • оборудование • инструменты)1994-63092541-819XНовосибирский государственный технический университет46266910.17212/1994-6309-2026-28.3-129-146HWXDGRTECHNOLOGYТЕХНОЛОГИЯResearch ArticleComparative assessment of wear resistance of combined coatings on carbon steels produced by electrolytic-plasma treatment followed by Cr or Сo–W electrodepositionСравнительная оценка износостойкости комбинированных покрытий на углеродистых сталях, включающих электролитно-плазменную обработку с последующим осаждением Cr или Co-Whttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5265-51861126-7417ПерковАлександр СергеевичPerkovAlexander
Russian Federation

аспирант

Ph.D. (Engineering) student

sachaperkow@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3915-642X6603276389F-2295-20173042-1297СилкинСергей АндрисовичSilkinSergey
Russian Federation

канд. техн. наук, заведующий кафедрой

Ph.D. (Engineering), Head of department

longamin@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7156-102X37124101300F-3179-20179820-6947КусмановСергей АлександровичKusmanovSergey
Russian Federation

доктор техн. наук, профессор

D.Sc. (Engineering), Professor

sergei.kusmanov@yandex.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7633-605956941898900T-7587-20192289-8652ТамбовскийИван ВладимировичTambovskiyIvan
Russian Federation

канд. техн. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

Ph.D. (Engineering), Leading researcher

IvanTambovskij44@yandex.comKostroma State UniversityКостромской государственный университетМосковский государственный технологический университет «СТАНКИН»Moscow State Technological University “STANKIN”ruen283ТОМ 28, №3 (2026)VOL 28, NO3 (2026)12914609052026Copyright ©; 2026, Perkov A.S., Silkin S.A., Kusmanov S.A., Tambovskiy I.V.Copyright ©; 2026, Перков А.С., Силкин С.А., Кусманов С.А., Тамбовский И.В.2026Perkov A.S., Silkin S.A., Kusmanov S.A., Tambovskiy I.V.Перков А.С., Силкин С.А., Кусманов С.А., Тамбовский И.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.rcsi.science/1994-6309/article/view/462669

Introduction. 0.2% C and 0.45% C carbon structural steels exhibit insufficient wear resistance under reciprocating sliding in lubricated conditions, which limits the service life of machine components. This study investigates the wear resistance of a combined surface treatment involving electrolytic-plasma hardening (quenching or carburizing followed by quenching) followed by the deposition of chromium and Co–W galvanic coatings of different thicknesses. Materials and methods. Samples were subjected to electrolytic-plasma carburizing at 850 °C for 3 min or quenching at 900 °C in aqueous electrolytes. Subsequently, Cr and Co–W coatings with thicknesses of 1 and 10 µm were deposited on the prepared surfaces. Wear resistance was evaluated using a reciprocating sliding test with a bearing steel ball (0.1% C-15% Cr) under a load of 10 N in mineral oil for 1–3 days, with wear volume measured by profilometry. Results and discussion. It was found that the combined treatment significantly improved wear resistance compared to the individual hardening methods. On untreated steel, thin galvanic coatings were prone to breakthrough, resulting in low wear resistance of the system. Electrolytic-plasma quenching of 0.45% C steel improved the performance compared to the untreated condition; however, the best results were achieved on carburized steel 20. Increasing the coating thickness from 1 to 10 µm led to a decrease in wear resistance. The highest wear resistance was demonstrated by the system consisting of 0.2% C steel after electrolytic-plasma carburizing followed by quenching and a thin (1 µm) chromium coating. The obtained results can be used in the development of effective surface hardening technologies for components operating under lubricated sliding conditions (shafts, guides, hydraulic cylinder elements), while maintaining a relatively soft core.

Введение. Углеродистые стали 20 и 45 обладают недостаточной износостойкостью в условиях возвратно-поступательного трения, что ограничивает ресурс деталей машин и механизмов. В работе исследована износостойкость поверхности после комбинированной обработки, включающей в себя электролитно-плазменное упрочнение (закалку или цементацию с последующей закалкой) с последующим нанесением гальванических покрытий хрома или сплава Co-W различной толщины. Методы. Образцы подвергали электролитно-плазменной цементации (850 °C, 3 мин) или закалке (900 °C) в водных электролитах, после чего на подготовленную поверхность наносили гальванические покрытия Cr (толщиной 1 и 10 мкм) или Co-W (1 и 10 мкм). Износостойкость оценивали методом возвратно-поступательного трения шариком из стали ШХ15 под нагрузкой 10 Н в среде минеральной смазки в течение 1…3 суток с измерением объема износа с помощью профилометрии. Результаты и обсуждение. Установлено, что комбинированная обработка значительно повышает износостойкость по сравнению с отдельными методами упрочнения. На необработанной стали тонкие гальванические покрытия подвергались проламыванию, что приводило к низкой общей износостойкости системы. Электролитно-плазменная закалка стали 45 позволяла улучшить показатели по сравнению с необработанным состоянием, однако наилучшие результаты достигнуты при использовании цементованной стали 20. Увеличение толщины покрытий хрома и Co-W с 1 до 10 мкм приводило к снижению износостойкости. Наиболее высокую износостойкость продемонстрировала система, состоящая из стали 20 после электролитно-плазменной цементации с последующей закалкой и тонкого (1 мкм) хромового покрытия. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при разработке эффективных технологий упрочнения деталей (валы, направляющие, элементы гидроцилиндров), работающих в условиях трения со смазкой, с возможностью сохранения относительно мягкой сердцевины детали.

Electrolytic-plasma carburizingGalvanic coatingsChromium coatingCo–W coatingCombined treatmentLubricated frictionWear resistanceCarbon steelSurface hardeningReciprocating slidingЭлектролитно-плазменная цементацияГальванические покрытияХромовое покрытиеПокрытие Co-WКомбинированная обработкаТрение со смазкойИзносостойкостьУглеродистая стальПоверхностное упрочнениеВозвратно-поступательное трениеИсследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 22-29-20231) Костромскому государственному университету.This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 22-29-20231) to Kostroma State University.Российский научный фондRussian Science Foundation22-29-20231

Финансирование

Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 22-29-20231) Костромскому государственному университету.

Funding

This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 22-29-20231) to Kostroma State University.

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