Proceedings of the RHSAS

PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN HIGHER SCHOOL
ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Print ISSN: 1727-2769    Online ISSN: 2658-3747
English | Русский

Recent issue
№2(67) April - June 2025

AIRCRAFT DEFECT IDENTIFICATION BY VIBRATION PARAMETERS IN OPERATION

Issue No 2 (27) April-June 2015
Authors:

Berns Vladimir Andreevich,
Lysenko Evgeniy Aleksandrovich,
Marinin Dmitry Aleksandrovich,
Dolgopolov Anton Valerievich,
Zhukov Egor Pavlovich
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2015-2-24-42
Abstract
The article considers the problem of identification of operational defects in the airframe and aircraft systems which can be detected by vibration parameters. These defects include, for example, a loss of structural integrity, looseness of unit attachment and gaps in joining points, backlashes in mechanical systems of force or movement transfer, increased coulomb friction in the deflecting surface supports, the resonant vibration modes of airframe components and systems. The existing methods of structure vibration inspection are based mainly on the fact that due to damages there appear changes in frequencies, forms and damping of mechanical system self-vibrations. To implement these methods, a linear design model of the initial system is constructed, and locations and values of arising damages are determined by changes in dynamic characteristics of the undamaged structure. Monitoring of these changes is usually based on the results of vibration tests of the objects of verification under ground-based conditions. Studies of the influence of defects on the aircraft dynamic response carried out in the present work helped to determine identification characteristics of typical defects to control them during operation. Thus, amplitude-frequency characteristics and power spectrum densities of random vibrations recorded by an acceleration sensor are identification signs of cracks and damages in structures, looseness of unit attachment and presence of gaps in joining points as well as the occurrence of vibration resonant modes of structural elements. It is proposed to use distortions of forced vibration portraits to identify control linkage backlashes and coulomb friction in the deflecting surfaces supports. Flight conditions in which operational defects can be identified are also revealed.
Keywords: aircraft, loss of structural integrity, backlashes, gaps, coulomb friction, identification signs, monitoring of defects

References
  1. Berns V.A., Belousov A.I., Samuilov V.F. Kontrol' lyuftov v provodkakh upravleniya letatel'nykh apparatov po rezul'tatam rezonansnykh ispytanii otklonyaemykh poverkhnostei [Monitoring of aircraft control linkage backlashes by the results of deflecting surfaces resonance tests]. Tekhnika vozdushnogo flotaAviation Science and Technology, 2010, vol. 84, no. 1 (698), pp. 15–19.
  2. Berns V.A., Prisekin V.L. Dinamicheskie kharakteristiki otklonyaemoi poverkhnosti so smeshchennoi oporoi [Dynamic characteristics of the deflectable surface with shifted support]. Vestnik Moskovskogo aviatsionnogo instituta Bulletin of the Moscow Aviation Institute, 2011, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 5–8.
  3. Bol'shakov V.P., Zakonnikov E.A. Vibrodiagnostika konstruktsii po formam ikh sobstvennykh kolebanii [Structures vibrodiagnostics by their eigentones modes]. Mezhvuzovskii sbornik nauchnykh trudov “Vibrodiagnostika i vibrozashchita mashin i priborov” [Interuniversity proceedings "Vibration analysis and vibration protection of machines and devices"], 1989, pp. 71–76.
  4. Milov A.B., Fridman M.Z., sci. eds. Trudy GosNII GA “Vibrodiagnostika aviatsionnykh konstruktsii” [Proceedings of the Research Institute of Civil Aviation "Vibrodiagnostics aircraft structures". Iss. 256]. Moscow, 1986. 95 p.
  5. Bobryshev A.P., Berns V.A., Kapustin V. I., Krasovskii V.V., Laznenko S.A., Prisekin V.L., Samuilov V.F., Chaplygin V.N. [Study of the aircraft Su-24M anti-icing duct destruction causes]. Trudy Vserossiiskoi nauchno-tekhnicheskoi konferentsii, posvyashchennoi 60-letiyu otdelenii aerodinamiki letatel'nykh apparatov i prochnosti aviatsionnykh konstruktsii [Proceedings of All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference «Aerodynamics and strength of aircraft structures», devoted to the 60th Anniversary of departments of Aerodynamics of Aircrafts and Strength of Aviation Structures, Novosibirsk, 15–17 June, 2004]. Novosibirsk, SibNIA Publ., 2005, pp. 297–298.
  6. Krylov N.I., Nozdrin M.A., Shapin V.I. [Dynamic methods of precision structural elements crack control]. Mezhvuzovskii sbornik nauchnykh trudov “Vibrotekhnika” [Interuniversity proceedings "Vibrotechnika"], 1989, no. 63 (2), pp. 49–54.
  7. Khalimanovich V.I., Shatrov A.K., Lysenko E.A., Evtif'ev M.D. Vyiavlenie defektov kosmicheskikh apparatov v protsessakh ispytanii na vibratsionnye i akusticheskie vozdeistviia v ispytatel'noi laboratorii [Detection of defects in spacecrafts during vibration/acoustic tests under laboratory environment]. Vestnik SibGAUSibSAU Bulletin, 2005, no. 6, pp. 174–178.
  8. Motylev N.I. [Detection of mechanical defects in the elements of NPP reactors and structures under test vibroimpact]. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov Nauchno-issledovatel'skogo tekhnolo­gicheskogo instituta im. A.P. Aleksandrova “Tekhnologii i sistemy obespecheniya zhiznennogo tsikla yadernykh energeticheskikh ustanovok” [Collection of proceedings of the Scientific and Research Technological Institute named after A.P. Alexandrov "Technology and systems of nuclear power plants life cycle support"], 2004, iss. 2, pp. 126–131.
  9. Postnov V.A. Opredelenie povrezhdenii uprugikh sistem putem matematicheskoi obrabotki chastotnykh spektrov, poluchennykh iz eksperimenta [Damage identification in elastic systems by mathematical treatment of experimentally obtained frequency spectra]. Izvestiya Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Mekhanika tverdogo tela Mechanics of Solids, 2000, no. 6, pp. 155–160.
  10. Postnov V.A., Shlottmann G. Ispol'zovanie eksperimental'nykh dannykh ob izmenenii dinamicheskikh svoistv uprugikh sistem v zadachakh opredeleniya strukturnykh povrezhdenii [Application of experimental data on the elastic systems dynamic properties changing in problems of structural damages assessment]. Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N.I. Lobachevskogo. Seriia MekhanikaBulletin of Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod. Mechanics, 2004, no. 1 (6), pp. 32–42.
  11. Turchinskii L.A., Fridman M.Z. Ispol'zovanie dinamicheskikh modelei dlia defektatsii slozhnykh konstruktsii [Application of dynamic models for fault detection of complex structures]. Materialy 4 Vsesoyuznogo nauchno-tekhnicheskogo soveshchaniya Dinamika i prochnost' povrezhdennykh konstruktsii aviatsionnoi tekhniki” [Proceedings of 4 All-Soviet Union scientific-technical conference “Dynamics and strength of damaged aircraft structures”, 26–28 April, 1983]. Moscow, 1984, pp. 54–60.
  12. Shevelev N.A., Dombrovskii I.V. Chislennoe issledovanie dinamicheskikh kharakteristik elementov konstruktsii s defektami formy [Numerical study on the dynamic characteristics of structural elements with shape defects]. Vestnik Permskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhniches­kogo universiteta. MekhanikaPerm State Technical University Mechanics Bulletin, 2009, no. 1, pp. 160–163.
  13. Chen J.C., Garba J.A. Structural damage assessment using a system identification technique. Structural Safety Evaluation Based on System Identification Approaches: Proceedings of the Workshop at Lambrecht/Pfalz, June 29th–July 1st, 1987. Braunschweig, Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 1988, pp. 474–492. doi: 10.1007/978-3-663-05657-7_24
  14. Balis Crema L., Casteilani A., Peroni I. Modal tests on composite material structures application in damage detection. Proceedings of the 3rd International Modal Analysis Conference, Orlando, Florida, January 28–31, 1985, Schenectady, New York, Union College, 1985, vol. 2, pp. 708–713.
  15. Daněk O. A contribution to fault vibration diagnosis of structures and machines. Stroj času, 1992, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 13–19.
  16. Pandey A.K., Biswas M., Samman M.M. Damage detection from changes in curvature mode shapes. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1991, vol. 145, iss. 2, pp. 321–332. doi: 10.1016/0022-460X(91)90595-B
  17. Park Y.S., Park H.S., Lee S.S. Weighted-error-matrix application to detect stiffness damage by dynamic-characteristic measurement. Modal Analysis: The International Journal of Analytical and Experimental Modal Analysis, 1988, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 101–107.
  18. Perera R., Fang S.E., Huerta C. Structural crack detection without updated baseline model by single and multiobjective optimization. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 2009, vol. 23, iss. 3, pp. 752–768. doi:10.1016/j.ymssp.2008.06.010
  19. Rucker W. Zustandsprüfung von Bauwerken und Bauteilen mit Hilfe schwingungstechnischer Methoden-Konzept, Anwendungsbeispiele und Ausblick. Amts– und Mitteilungsblatt, 1988, bd. 18, ausg. 2, pp. 134–141.
Views: 4190