OBRABOTKA METALLOV
METAL WORKING AND MATERIAL SCIENCEPrint ISSN: 1994-6309 Online ISSN: 2541-819X
Introduction. Ultrasonic impact-frictional treatment (UIFT) is a new method of surface strain hardening that improves the properties and refines the microstructure of the surface layer of metallic material. Unlike traditional ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT), the UIFT applies impacts with ultrasonic frequency at an acute angle α to the metal surface in order to activate the shear deformation mode. Oxygen-free atmosphere of argon enhances friction and prevents embrittlement of the diffusion-active deformed layer. A decrease of the angle α during the UIFT leads to a shift of the metal displaced by the tool towards the impact. Therefore, the tool position, oscillating with an ultrasonic frequency, with respect to the tool trajectory may have a profound effect on the surface microrelief. Objective is studying the influence of the impact direction on the roughness and hardening degree of the 09Mn2Si structural steel surface regarding the tool cross-feed during UIFT at an angle α = 50º in the argon medium. Research Methods are following: microhardness measurements, atomic force microscopy (AFM), optical profilometry, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with EBSD analysis. Results and discussion. After grinding, the steel surface microhardness is 200 HV0.1 and the arithmetic mean deviation of the surface profile is Ra= 0.6 μm. UIT at an angle α = 90º in an industrial oil medium results in the surface hardening up to 260 HV0.1, while the Ra parameter increases to 1.6 μm. UIFT with the impact vertical deviation towards the specimen cross-feed (forehand) provides a relatively uniform microrelief with Ra= 0.4 μm and the deformed layer microhardness of up to 500 HV0.1. The tool deviation in the contrary direction towards the specimen cross-feed (backhand) increases the surface hardening degree (620 HV0.1), but leads to the formation of an advanced microrelief consisting of shifted metal displaced by the tool, as well as to the Ra parameter increase up to 3.5 μm. At the same time, the submicrorelief roughness remains approximately at the same level (Ra= 0.03–0.04 μm) for all three hardening treatment methods. Thus, the angle and impact direction during ultrasonic hardening treatment are important technological parameters that allow long-range controlling of the surface microrelief with the UIFT applied as a finishing hardening treatment. UIFT is an effective method of surface hardening, intended to form a surface even with a lower roughness of the microprofile compared to that of a traditional grease-applied UIT.
Lezhnin Nikita
Makarov Aleksey
Luchko Sergey
Loginov Boris
Loginov Artem
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The research was carried out within the state assignment of Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation on themes No. АААА-А18-118020190116-6, supported by RFBR (project No. 18-38-00868).
Lezhnin N.V., Makarov A.V., Luchko S.N., Loginov B.A., Loginov A.B. The effect of ultrasonic impact-friction treatment on a surface roughness of 09Mn2Si structural steel. Obrabotka metallov (tekhnologiya, oborudovanie, instrumenty) = Metal Working and Material Science, 2020, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 16–29. DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2020-22.2-16-29. (In Russian).
