OBRABOTKA METALLOV

Introduction. Current trends in the development of composite materials based on aluminum alloys discretely hardened by SiC are aimed at structural applications, including at high temperatures. The manufacture of parts using metal forming processes allows to minimize the finishing of workpieces, in which there is a rapid wear of the cutting tool. However, it is necessary to increase the ductility of aluminium matrix composite materials by preliminary deformation-heat treatment. After such treatment, under certain thermomechanical conditions, the composites may exhibit signs of superplasticity. It is also important to be able to predict how external influences (high temperature and pressure) will affect the deformation behavior of composites during operation. Therefore, an integral part of the assessment of the deformation properties of composite materials intended for continuous service is creep testing. At the same time, a joint review of the results of uniaxial tensile tests under creep and superplasticity conditions broadens the picture of the deformation behavior of composite materials in a wide range of temperature-velocity effects. Objective: to conduct a comparative analysis of the results of published studies on the deformation behavior of aluminium matrix composite materials discretely reinforced with silicon carbide during the manifestation of superplasticity and under conditions of high temperature creep. The paper presents the results of published studies of composite materials with matrices based on the following grades of aluminum alloys: Al2009, Al2014, Al2024, Al2124, Al6013, Al6061, Al6063, Al6090, Al8009, Al8090, IN9021. The deformation of aluminium matrix composite materials in the state of superplasticity and under conditions of high temperature creep is considered. Results and discussion. A literature review shows that superplastic deformation mainly manifests itself at strain rates of more than 10^–2 s^–1. Moreover, the maximum elongation reaches the limits of 200 to 450%. The highest elongation of 685% is obtained at a rate of 5 • 10^-4 s^-1 for Al₂0₂₄ / 10SiCp material. In a number of works, it is found that in order to achieve superplastic deformation, the process temperature should be equal to or slightly higher than the temperature of partial melting of the matrix at the grain boundaries of the matrix and the boundaries of the matrix with reinforcing particles. Composite materials with matrices based on the following alloying systems are best studied: Al-Mg-Cu (Al2124), Al-Mg-Si (Al6061), Al-Fe-V-Si (Al8009). Among the factors that most significantly affect the deformation behavior of aluminium matrix composites during creep, it can be noted: the technology of primary production of a composite material, preliminary deformation-heat treatment, the chemical composition of the matrix alloy, and the type and size of the hardening phase. Studies are noted to study the effect of temperature fluctuations on deformation behavior during operation under unsteady creep conditions with a change in pressure. The data collected show that, under certain thermal cycling conditions and low applied pressures, composite materials tend to have high degrees of deformation, which can be promising for developing manufacturing techniques for workpieces and products.

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